胎儿颈前部囊性包块产前超声表现  

Prenatal ultrasonic findings of fetal anterior neck cystic mass

作　　者：张国慧 王莉[1] 张娟[1] 李晓菲[1] ZHANG Guohui;WANG Li;ZHANG Juan;LI Xiaofei(Department of Ultrasound,Beijing Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital,Capital MedicalUniversity,Beijing Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital,Beijing 100026,China)

机构地区：[1]首都医科大学附属北京妇产医院/北京妇幼保健院超声科,北京100026

出　　处：《中国介入影像与治疗学》2025年第2期123-126,共4页Chinese Journal of Interventional Imaging and Therapy

摘　　要：目的观察胎儿颈前部囊性包块产前超声表现。方法回顾性纳入接受系统性或针对性产前超声检查且完成病理诊断及随访的31胎颈前部囊性包块胎儿,分析其产前超声表现并记录其临床转归。结果31胎中,21胎为淋巴管囊肿,产前超声表现为颈前偏侧囊性包块,部分范围较广、可跨中线,多伴分隔;6胎梨状窝瘘表现为颈前左半单房厚壁(≥2 mm)囊性回声,内部透声好;2胎皮样囊肿表现为口底皮下中线部位囊性回声;1胎甲状舌管囊肿表现为颈前正中薄壁囊性回声,边界清晰,形态规则,可随吞咽上下活动;1胎食管闭锁表现为颈前长条状囊性回声,形状可随胎儿吞咽动作而变化,伴胃泡小及羊水多。4胎淋巴管囊肿合并全身水肿、心脏畸形及全前脑、唇腭裂、膈疝、舌体增大等,1胎食管闭锁合并左肾缺如、永存左上腔静脉及单脐动脉等,后均终止妊娠。26胎继续妊娠,出生后接受手术、介入、药物治疗或密切观察,均预后良好。结论产前超声可清晰显示胎儿颈前部囊性包块位置、形态、囊内回声等,有助于产前诊断、咨询及产后序贯治疗。Objective To explore prenatal ultrasonic findings of fetal anterior neck cystic mass.Methods Thirty-one fetuses with cystic masses at anterior neck region and underwent systematic or targeted prenatal ultrasound with pathological diagnosis and completed follow-up were retrospectively collected.Prenatal ultrasonic findings were analyzed,and the clinical outcomes were recorded.Results Among 31 fetuses with anterior neck cystic mass,21 were confirmed as lymphatic cysts,which appeared as lateral cystic masses at the anterior neck on prenatal ultrasound,some with a wide size that could cross the midline,often accompanied by septations.Thyroglossal duct cyst in 6 fetuses presented as singlechambered thick-wall(≥2 mm)cyst on the left side of fetal anterior neck with good acoustic transmission within the cyst.Dermoid cysts in 2 fetuses presented as cyst located in the midline subcutaneous area at the base of the mouth.Thyroglossal duct cyst in 1 fetus presented as thin-wall cystic echo on midline at the anterior neck with clear margin,regular shape and mobility during swallowing.Esophageal atresia in 1 fetus presented as an elongated cyst in the anterior neck region,with changeable shape when swallowing,accompanied by small gastric bubbles and polyhydramnios.Lymphatic cysts in 4 fetuses complicated with systemic edema,cardiac malformations,holoprosencephaly,cleft lip and palate,diaphragmatic hernia and macroglossia,1 fetus with esophageal atresia had anomalies including absence of the left kidney,persistent left superior vena cava,and single umbilical artery,and the above 5 leaded to termination.The rest 26 fetuses continued until parturition,and received surgical,interventional,pharmacological treatments or close monitoring,all had good prognoses.Conclusion Prenatal ultrasound could clearly show the location,shape and intracapsular echo of fetal anterior neck cystic masses,being helpful for prenatal diagnosis,consultation and postpartum sequential treatment.

关 键 词：胎儿 颈 囊肿 超声检查 产前 

分 类 号：R653[医药卫生—外科学] R445.1[医药卫生—临床医学]