B_(4)C-SiC复合陶瓷力学性能的研究进展  

Advance in investigation on mechanical properties of B_(4)C-SiC composite ceramics

作　　者：张巍 ZHANG Wei(Shenyang National Laboratory for Materials Science,Institute of Metal Research,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Shenyang 110016,China)

机构地区：[1]中国科学院金属研究所沈阳材料科学国家研究中心,沈阳110016

出　　处：《复合材料学报》2025年第1期88-103,共16页Acta Materiae Compositae Sinica

基　　金：辽宁省自然科学基金(2022-MS-013);中国科学院金属研究所自主部署项目(E255L401);沈阳材料科学国家研究中心青年人才项目(E21SL412)。

摘　　要：B_(4)C-SiC复合陶瓷结合了碳化硼(B_(4)C)和碳化硅(SiC)的性能,具有良好的物理和力学性能。与单相B_(4)C陶瓷相比,B_(4)C-SiC复合陶瓷具有更高的断裂韧性;与单相SiC陶瓷相比,B_(4)C-SiC复合陶瓷具有更大的硬度。B_(4)C-SiC复合陶瓷有望替代单相B_(4)C陶瓷和单相SiC陶瓷广泛应用于工程领域。B_(4)C-SiC复合陶瓷的力学性能与B_(4)C-SiC复合粉体的颗粒分散均匀性有关。同时,B_(4)C-SiC复合陶瓷的力学性能还受微观结构和相组成的影响。为了降低B_(4)C-SiC复合陶瓷的烧结温度,常在原料中添加烧结助剂,常用的烧结助剂主要有碳、氧化物、硼化物、碳化物、金属单质、非金属单质(除碳外)。不同烧结助剂促进B_(4)C-SiC复合陶瓷烧结的机制各不相同;同时,这些烧结助剂通过影响B_(4)C-SiC复合陶瓷的微观结构进而影响其力学性能。本文根据B_(4)C-SiC复合陶瓷力学性能的研究结果,从B_(4)C-SiC复合粉体、微观结构、相组成和烧结助剂等方面详细阐述了B_(4)C-SiC复合陶瓷力学性能的影响因素,以期为B_(4)C-SiC复合陶瓷的设计和研究提供依据。B_(4)C-SiC composite ceramics combine the properties of boron carbide(B_(4)C)and silicon carbide(SiC)and have good physical and mechanical properties.Compared with monolithic B_(4)C ceramics,B_(4)C-SiC composite ceramics have improved fracture toughness.Compared with monolithic SiC ceramics,B_(4)C-SiC composite ceramics possess increased hardness.B_(4)C-SiC composite ceramics are expected to replace monolithic B_(4)C ceramics and monolithic SiC ceramics to be widely used in engineering fields.The mechanical properties of B_(4)C-SiC composite ceramics are related to the particle dispersion uniformity of B_(4)C-SiC composite powders.Meanwhile,the mechanical properties of B_(4)C-SiC composite ceramics are also influenced by their microstructure and phase composition.In order to reduce the sintering temperature of B_(4)C-SiC composite ceramics,sintering additives are often added to the raw materials.The commonly used sintering additives include carbon,oxides,borides,carbides,metallic elements,and non-metallic elements(excluding carbon).The mechanisms by which different sintering additives promote the sintering of B_(4)C-SiC composite ceramics vary.At the same time,these sintering additives affect the microstructure of B_(4)C-SiC composite ceramics,which in turn affects their mechanical properties.Based on the research results of mechanical properties of B_(4)C-SiC composite ceramics in recent years,the influencing factors of mechanical properties of B_(4)C-SiC composite ceramics are summarized in this review from the aspects of B_(4)C-SiC composite powders,microstructure,phase composition,and sintering additives,so as to provide a basis for the design and investigation of B_(4)C-SiC composite ceramics.

关 键 词：B_(4)C-SiC 复合陶瓷 力学性能 微观结构 烧结助剂 

分 类 号：TB321[一般工业技术—材料科学与工程] TB332