碳纳米管协同六亚甲基四胺增韧改性酚醛树脂及其性能研究  

Studies on toughening modification and the properties of phenolic resin by carbon nanotubes in collaboration with hexamethylenetetramine

作　　者：张威 李敏[1] 毕浩宇 周钰博 王绍凯[1] 李庆辉 韩建超 顾轶卓[1] ZHANG Wei;LI Min;BI Haoyu;ZHOU Yubo;WANG Shaokai;LI Qinghui;HAN Jianchao;GU Yizhuo(School of Materials Science and Engineering,Beihang University,Beijing 100191,China)

机构地区：[1]北京航空航天大学材料科学与工程学院,北京100191

出　　处：《复合材料学报》2025年第1期173-181,共9页Acta Materiae Compositae Sinica

摘　　要：传统热固性酚醛树脂脆性大,本文采用六亚甲基四胺(HMTA)对酚醛树脂进行了化学增韧改性,并考察了碳纳米管协同改性提高酚醛树脂耐热性能的综合效应。研究发现,不同含量HMTA对酚醛树脂力学性能影响规律呈先增长后下降趋势,2.5wt%HMTA改性酚醛的力学性能最为突出,其压缩强度达到393 MPa,弯曲强度为149 MPa,相比未改性酚醛树脂分别提升24%与62%,断口分析表明增韧体系中形成的“海-岛”结构显著提升了树脂基体的力学性能。但是,HMTA导致酚醛树脂的耐热性能明显下降,在2.5wt%HMTA增韧酚醛体系中加入碳纳米管可将树脂体系的T_(d5)(T_(d5)为质量损失5wt%时的热解温度)提升至初始酚醛树脂的水平,同时兼具优异的增韧后力学性能。这一结果对结构/防热一体化新型酚醛树脂基体的设计研制具有重要参考价值。The conventional thermosetting phenolic resin exhibits significant brittleness.This paper utilized hexamethylenetetramine(HMTA)to chemically toughen phenolic resins.And the comprehensive effect of carbon nanotube synergistic modification on improving the heat-resistant properties of the phenolic resin was also examined.The results indicate that the mechanical properties of the HMTA-modified phenolic resin present a tendency of first increasing and then decreasing with the increase of the HMTA content.The highest mechanical properties are observed in the modified phenolic resin with 2.5wt%HMTA,as its compression strength reaches up to393 MPa and the bending strength up to 149 MPa,representing increases of 24%and 62%,respectively,compared to the unmodified phenolic resin matrix.The fracture morphology reveals that the low content of HMTA creates numerous"sea-island"structures within the modified phenolic matrix,which significantly contributes to the improvement of the mechanical properties of the phenolic matrix.However,HMTA can lead to an obvious decrease in the heat-resistance of phenolic resins.Adding carbon nanotubes to the 2.5wt%HMTA toughened phenolic system can increase the T_(d5)(Pyrolysis temperature at 5wt%mass loss)of the resin system to the level of the unmodified phenolic resin,while also exhibiting excellent toughened mechanical properties.This lays an important foundation for the design and development of new structural/thermal protection integrated phenolic resin matrices and their composites.

关 键 词：酚醛树脂 化学增韧 碳纳米管 六亚甲基四胺(HMTA) 耐热性能 

分 类 号：TB332[一般工业技术—材料科学与工程]