面向双马树脂基复合材料电场驱动微3D打印高精度电路  

Electric field driven micro 3D printing of high-precision circuit on bismaleimide resin matrix composite

作　　者：刘亚东 张厚超 朱晓阳[1] 许权 李义睿 韩志峰 赵佳伟 刘琦 兰红波[1] LIU Yadong;ZHANG Houchao;ZHU Xiaoyang;XU Quan;LI Yirui;HAN Zhifeng;ZHAO Jiawei;LIU Qi;LAN Hongbo(Shandong Engineering Research Center for Additive Manufacturing,Qingdao University of Technology,Qingdao 266520,China;Aeronautical Key Laboratory for Additive Manufacturing Technologies,AVIC Manufacturing Technology Institute,Beijing 100024,China)

机构地区：[1]青岛理工大学山东省增材制造工程技术研究中心,青岛266520 [2]中国航空制造技术研究院增材制造航空科技重点实验室,北京100024

出　　处：《复合材料学报》2025年第1期235-249,共15页Acta Materiae Compositae Sinica

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(52175331,52375348);山东省自然科学基金重大基础研究资助项目(ZR2020ZD04)。

摘　　要：纤维改性双马树脂基复合材料凭借其优异的力学性能、耐高温、耐腐蚀特性,被广泛应用于航空航天、智能蒙皮、共形天线、电磁屏蔽、高频电路基板、电加热等领域。然而,由于石英纤维增强双马树脂基复合材料具有非平整、异质、各向异性的特点,在此基材上简单、高效、低成本制造高分辨率微细电路是当前亟待解决的难题。本文提出了一种基于电场驱动微3D打印在石英纤维增强双马树脂基复合材料上制造高精度电路的新方法,阐述了基本成形原理和关键技术实现,探究了非平整异质复合材料表面电场分布特点和场强变化规律,提出通过调节电场强度阈值实现稳定打印的策略;通过实验揭示了主要工艺参数对制造电路精度、形貌以及性能的影响规律,并结合优化的工艺窗口,实现了最小线宽50μm的多种图案微细电路的制造。制造的典型样件电导率为4.0×10^(7)S/m,经100次附着力实验和100 min超声实验后电阻变化率在1%左右;在电加热应用方面展现出优异的热响应速度,在3 V电压下最高温度可达158℃,能够在200 s内实现除冰。该技术为高效低成本制造纤维改性双马树脂复合材料基微细电路提供了一种有效方法,显示出良好的工业化应用前景。Fiber-modified bismaleimide resin matrix composites are widely used in aerospace,smart skins,conformal antennas,electromagnetic shielding,high-frequency circuit substrates,and electrical heating by virtue of their excellent mechanical properties,high-temperature and corrosion-resistant characteristics.However,due to the non-flat,heterogeneous,and anisotropic characteristics of bismaleimide resin matrix composites,the simple,efficient,and low-cost fabrication of high-resolution circuits on this substrate is a current challenge to be solved.In this paper,a new method for fabricating high-precision circuits based on electric-field-driven micro-3D printing on quartz fiber modified bismaleimide resin matrix composites are proposed,and the basic forming principle and key technology implementation are described.Explored the characteristics of electric field distribution on the surface of non-flat heterogeneous composites and the changing law of field strength,and proposed a strategy to realize stable printing adjusting the threshold of electric field strength.The effects of the main process parameters on the precision,morphology and performance of the fabricated circuits were revealed experimentally,and the fabrication of various patterned circuits with a minimum line width of 50μm had been realized by combining with an optimized process parameter.The typical sample manufactured had a conductivity of 4.0×10^(7) S/m,and the resistance change rate was around 1%after 100 times of adhesion testing and 100 min ultrasonic experiments.It had excellent thermal response speed when applied to electric heating applications,and the maximum temperature can reach 158℃under 3 V,and de-icing can be realized within 200 s.This technology provides an effective method for the efficient and low-cost fabrication of fiber modified bismaleimide resin composite-based circuits,showing good prospects for industrial applications.

关 键 词：电场驱动微3D打印 石英纤维增强双马树脂基复合材料 非平整异质基材 增材制造 高精度电路 

分 类 号：TB332[一般工业技术—材料科学与工程]