不同花生有机肥对云雪38产质量及土壤理化特性的影响  

Effects of different peanut organic fertilizers on the yield,quality,and soil physicochemical properties of Yunxue 38

作　　者：周维玉 孔光辉[2] 张光海 赵高坤[2] 吴玉萍[2] 李薇[2] 李永平[2] 姚恒[2] 王娜[1] ZHOU Weiyu;KONG Guanghui;ZHANG Guanghai;ZHAO Gaokun;WU Yuping;LI Wei;LI Yongping;YAO Heng;WANG Na(College of Tobacco,Yunnan Agricultural University,Kunming 650201,Yunnan;Yunnan Tobacco Agricultural Science Research Institute,Yuxi 653100,Yunnan)

机构地区：[1]云南农业大学烟草学院,云南昆明650201 [2]云南省烟草农业科学研究院,云南玉溪653100

出　　处：《浙江农业科学》2025年第1期72-78,共7页Journal of Zhejiang Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：中国烟草总公司云南省公司项目(2022530000241004)。

摘　　要：探讨不同种类花生有机肥对雪茄烟云雪38生长、产质量以及土壤理化特性的影响,为云雪38科学合理施肥提供参考依据。采用大田试验,设置花生基、花生粕有机肥和当地常规肥3个施肥处理,测定分析不同施肥处理的农艺性状、经济性状、烟叶化学成分以及植烟后土壤的理化指标。结果表明,与对照相比,花生粕和花生基2种有机肥均能显著提高株高和最大叶面积;施用花生有机肥的鲜烟叶产量可提高3.93%~12.07%;施用花生有机肥的烟叶总氮、烟碱、钾等化学成分含量均有不同程度的增加,烟叶化学成分赋值综合评分以花生粕有机肥处理最优。此外,花生有机肥的施用可提高土壤有机质、碱解氮、全氮含量,其中,花生粕有机肥处理效果更明显,分别提高了41.14%、31.81%、61.54%。冗余分析结果表明,有机质(OM)、全氮(TN)含量是烟株农艺性状的主要影响因子,pH值、OM、TN是烟叶化学成分的主要影响因子。施用花生有机肥对提高云雪38的产质量和土壤部分养分指标有重要作用,以花生粕有机肥的综合效应最佳。The effects of different types of peanut organic fertilizer on the growth,yield,quality and soil physicochemical properties of cigar variety Yunxue 38 were discussed,so as to provide a reference for the scientific and rational fertilization of Yunxue 38.Three fertilization treatments,including peanut-based,peanut meal organic fertilizer and local conventional fertilizer,were set up to measure and analyze the agronomic traits,economic traits,chemical composition of tobacco leaves,and physical and chemical indexes of soil after tobacco planting under different fertilization treatments.The results showed that compared with the control,the two organic fertilizers of peanut meal and peanut-based fertilizer could significantly increase plant height and maximum leaf area.The yield of fresh leaves with peanut organic fertilizer could be increased by 3.93%-12.07%.The contents of chemical components such as total nitrogen,nicotine and potassium in leaves increased to varying degrees,and the comprehensive score of chemical components assigned to leaves was the best in peanut meal organic fertilizer treatment.In addition,the application of peanut organic fertilizer could increase the content of soil organic matter,alkali hydrolyzable nitrogen and total nitrogen,among which the treatment effect of peanut meal organic fertilizer was more obvious,which increased by 41.14%,31.81%and 61.54%,respectively.The results of redundancy analysis showed that organic matter and total nitrogen content were the main influencing factors of agronomic traits of plants,and pH value,organic matter and total nitrogen content were the main influencing factors of chemical composition of leaves.The application of peanut organic fertilizer played an important role in improving the yield quality and soil nutrient indexes of Yunxue 38,and the comprehensive effect of peanut meal organic fertilizer was the best.

关 键 词：云雪38 花生基有机肥 花生粕有机肥 产质量 土壤理化性质 

分 类 号：S572[农业科学—烟草工业]