激光熔覆制备NiWC耐磨层的工艺开发与性能研究  

Research of the process development and properties of NiWC wearlayer prepared by laser cladding

作　　者：马明志 夏少华 王凯 刘建军 马超 MA Mingzhi;XIA Shaohua;WANG Kai;LIU Jianjun;MA Chao(CRRC Qishuyan Institute Co.,Ltd.,Changzhou,Jiangsu 213011,China)

机构地区：[1]中车戚墅堰机车车辆工艺研究所股份有限公司,江苏常州213011

出　　处：《轨道交通材料》2024年第6期29-36,共8页Materials for Rail Transportation System

基　　金：戚墅堰所公司级项目(BS24080)。

摘　　要：文章在4330V材料表面利用激光熔覆制备梯度耐磨熔覆层,研究了51060A与Ni65WC不同材料制备耐磨层的显微组织、硬度、结合力、冲击功以及耐磨性能。结果表明,使用Ni65WC粉末制备的耐磨熔覆层能够满足技术要求,其界面间实现冶金结合,表面无贯穿性裂纹,硬度达730 HV_(0.1),剪切强度达486 MPa,冲击功达70.3 J,磨损机理主要是磨粒磨损与黏着磨损,单位时间磨损量为0.7 mg。对比51060A熔覆耐磨层,其表面具有贯穿性裂纹,剪切强度488 MPa,冲击功67.7 J。Ni65WC耐磨层具有更好的韧性,性能稳定,价格降低20%,具有批量生产优势。对比目前行业用喷焊耐磨层,激光熔覆耐磨层磨损量降低了30%~40%,将有效提高钻杆耐磨层的使用寿命。激光熔覆耐磨层可作为耐磨层生产的有益补充与升级。By the aid of laser cladding process,gradient wear-resistant cladding layers are prepared on the surface of 4330V material,this paper studies the microstructure,hardness,bonding force,impact energy,and wear resistance of wear-resistant layers made of different materials such as 51060A and Ni65WC.Study results indicate that the wear-resistant cladding layer prepared by using Ni65WC powder can meet the technical requirements,metallurgical bonding is obtained between interfaces,no penetrating cracks occur on the surface,a hardness of 730 HV_(0.1),a shear strength of 486 MPa,and an impact energy of 70.3 J are achieved,the wear mechanism displays mainly abrasive wear and adhesive wear,with a unit time wear amount of 0.7 mg.Compared with the 51060A cladding wear-resistant layer,its surface shows penetrating cracks,a shear strength of 488 MPa,and an impact energy of 67.7 J.The Ni65WC wear-resistant layer has better toughness,stable performance,and a 20%price reduction,indicating an advantage in mass production.Compared to the spray-welded wear-resistant layers prevailing in the industry,the wear of laser cladding wear-resistant layers has been reduced by 30%to 40%,which will effectively improve the service life of the wear-resistant layers on drill rods.Laser cladding wear-resistant layer can serve as a beneficial supplement and upgrade for the production of wear-resistant layers.

关 键 词：NiWC耐磨层 激光熔覆 摩擦磨损 冶金结合 力学性能 钻杆 

分 类 号：U270.64[机械工程—车辆工程]