新型基础设施建设与企业绿色转型——基于特高压工程的经验证据  

New Infrastructure Construction and Green Transformation of Enterprises——Based on Empirical Evidence of UHV Projects

作　　者：龚家 吴振磊[2] Gong Jia;Wu Zhenlei

机构地区：[1]西北大学经济管理学院 [2]西北大学中国西部经济发展研究院

出　　处：《财经科学》2025年第1期75-91,共17页Finance & Economics

基　　金：国家社会科学基金重大项目“西部地区巩固拓展脱贫攻坚成果同乡村振兴有效衔接的路径及政策研究”(21ZDA063)的资助。

摘　　要：作为西电东送工程的关键技术,特高压新基建增强了区域之间的能源互动,为推进构建新型能源体系注入持续动力。本文将特高压工程作为准自然实验,基于减排和增效视角探讨了特高压输电对企业绿色转型的影响。研究发现,特高压输电既能显著降低企业污染排放,又能提升企业全要素生产率,促进了企业绿色转型。机制分析表明,特高压输电能够通过优化能源消费结构、提升能源效率进而减少前端污染产生助推企业绿色转型。同时,加大污染治理投入进而增强末端污染去除也是特高压输电促进企业绿色转型的重要途径。异质性研究发现,特高压输电对东部地区企业及非电力、热力生产和供应行业绿色转型的促进作用更为明显。相比于火电输送,特高压工程对清洁电能输送更有利于企业的绿色转型。此外,特高压直流输电对企业绿色转型的推动作用要强于特高压交流输电。进一步研究发现,特高压输电优化了电能送端和受端的电力结构,实现了“资源优势”向“经济优势”的转化。本文从特高压新基建角度探索了企业绿色转型的新路径,为明晰新型基础设施建设如何推动经济绿色发展提供了经验证据与政策启示。As a key technology of the west-to-east power transmission project,the new UHV infrastructure has enhanced the energy interaction between regions and injected continuous impetus to promote the construction of a new energy system.Taking UHV proj⁃ect as a quasi-natural experiment,this paper discusses the influence of UHV transmission on the green transformation of enterprises from the perspective of emission reduction and efficiency increase.It is found that UHV transmission can not only significantly re⁃duce the pollution emissions of enterprises,but also improve the total factor productivity of enterprises,and promote the green trans⁃formation of enterprises.Mechanism analysis shows that UHV transmission can promote the green transformation of enterprises by optimizing the energy consumption structure,improving energy efficiency and reducing front-end pollution.At the same time,in⁃creasing the investment in pollution control and enhancing the removal of end pollution is also an important way for UHV transmis⁃sion to promote the green transformation of enterprises.Heterogeneity research found that UHV transmission has a more significant role in promoting the green transformation of enterprises,non-power and heat production and supply industries in the eastern region.Compared with thermal power transmission,UHV projects are more conducive to the green transformation of enterprises for clean power transmission.In addition,UHV DC transmission has a stronger role in promoting the green transformation of enterprises than UHV AC transmission.Further research shows that UHV transmission optimizes the power structure at both the sending and receiv⁃ing ends of electric energy,and realizes the transformation from“resource advantage”to“economic advantage”at the sending end of electric energy.This paper explores the new path of enterprise green transformation from the perspective of UHV new infrastructure,and provides empirical evidence and policy enlightenment for clarifying how new infrastructure constru

关 键 词：特高压输电 电能跨区输送 绿色转型 新型基础设施建设 

分 类 号：F294.2[经济管理—国民经济]