施氮量与留叶数互作对红花大金元上部叶质量和可用性的影响  

Effects of Nitrogen Application Rate and Leaves Left on Leaf Quality and Availability in Upper Leaves of Honghuadajinyuan

作　　者：王德勋[1] 刘心亚 李娟[1] 赵园园 夏玉兰 杨帆[1] 赵东杰 史宏志[2] WANG De-xun;LIU Xin-ya;LI Juan;ZHAO Yuan-yuan;XIA Yu-lan;YANG Fan;ZHAO Dong-jie;SHI Hong-zhi(Dali Branch of Yunnan Tobacco Company,Dali 671000,China;College of Tobacco Science,Henan Agricultural University,Zhengzhou 450046,China;China Tobacco Guangxi Industrial Co.,Ltd.,Nanning 530001,China)

机构地区：[1]云南省烟草公司大理州公司,云南大理671000 [2]河南农业大学烟草学院,河南郑州450046 [3]广西中烟工业有限责任公司,广西南宁530001

出　　处：《江西农业学报》2025年第2期51-58,共8页Acta Agriculturae Jiangxi

基　　金：中国烟草总公司2021年度“揭榜挂帅”项目(110202103016);中国烟草总公司云南省公司科技项目(2022530000241015);广西中烟工业有限责任公司项目(2021450000340021)。

摘　　要：为探究施氮量与留叶数互作对红花大金元上部叶质量和可用性的影响,以红花大金元为试验材料,设置了施氮量为90、108和126 kg/hm^(2),留叶数为16、18、20和22片/株的双因素田间试验,共12个处理。结果表明,相同留叶数水平下,随着施氮量水平的增加,上部叶的产量和产值增加,烟碱、总氮、钾离子含量总体升高,糖碱比总体下降,中等施氮量水平下感官品质总分相对较高;中、高氮处理的各种致香成分含量和香气成分总量相比低氮处理均有不同程度的增加。相同施氮量水平下,随着留叶数的增加,上部叶的单叶重和产量显著下降,上等烟比例和均价先升高后降低,烟碱、总氮和氯离子含量下降,总糖、还原糖和钾离子含量增加,糖碱比和钾氯比显著上升;香气成分总量、新植二烯和类胡萝卜素降解产物含量随着单株留叶数的增加而下降,非酶棕色化反应产物、苯丙氨酸裂解产物和茄酮含量则升高;中、高施氮量水平下均以留叶数为18片/株的感官评分总分最高。两者的交互作用对上部叶经济性状、物理特性、化学成分和部分香气物质含量有显著影响,施氮量108 kg/hm^(2)+留叶数18片/株为较合理的栽培组合,上部叶的产值高、感官品质优、中性香气物质足、工业可用性高。In order to explore the effect of the interaction between nitrogen application rate and leaf retention rate on the quality and availability of upper leaves of Honghuadajinyuan,a two-factor field experiment was set up,with nitrogen application rates of 90,108 and 126 kg/hm^(2),and leaf retention number of 16,18,20 and 22 leaves/plant,a total of 12 treatments.The results showed that under the same number of leaves left,with the increase of nitrogen application rate,the yield and output value of the upper leaves increased,the contents of nicotine,total nitrogen and potassium increased,the sugar-alkali ratio decreased,and the total score of sensory quality at the medium nitrogen application rate was relatively high.Compared with the low nitrogen treatment,the contents of various aroma components and the total amount of aroma components in the medium and high nitrogen treatment increased to varying degrees.At the same nitrogen application rate,with the increase of the number of leaves left,the single leaf weight and yield of the upper leaves decreased significantly,the proportion and average price of superior tobacco increased first and then decreased,the contents of nicotine,total nitrogen and chlorine decreased,the contents of total sugar,reducing sugar and potassium increased,and the ratio of sugar to alkali and potassium to chloride increased significantly.The total amount of aroma components,the contents of new phytodiene and carotenoid degradation products decreased with the increase of the number of leaves left per plant,while the contents of non-enzymatic browning reaction products,phenylalanine cleavage products and lanthus ketones increased.At medium and high nitrogen application levels,the total sensory score of 18 leaves per plant was the highest.The interaction between the two had a significant impact on the economic traits,physical properties,chemical composition and content of some aroma substances in the upper leaves,and the nitrogen application rate 2 of 108 kg/hm and the number of leaves left were 18

关 键 词：红花大金元 施氮量 留叶数 上部叶 质量 

分 类 号：S572[农业科学—烟草工业]