藏历“浦”“粗”两大流派的形成与发展  

The Formation And Development Of The Two Major Schools Of“Phug”And“Mtshur”In The Tibetan Calendar

作　　者：娘毛加 Snying-mo-rgyal

机构地区：[1]西北民族大学中国语言文学学部

出　　处：《攀登(藏文版)》2024年第4期81-90,共10页RTSER SNYEG

基　　金：国家社科基金项目“敦煌古藏文历算文献整理研究”(22BTQ008)的阶段性成果。

摘　　要：“浦”、“粗”两大流派是印度时轮历在西藏本土化过程中形成的历算体系,在藏历文化中占据核心地位。基于时轮历传播历程与藏族历史分期,梳理了这两大流派的纵向发展进程与横向扩展过程。11世纪初时轮历传人西藏,初因真伪争议未广传,至帕竹时期争议平息,研习加强。期间,因重缺日、闽月和节气等的推算方面产生差异而分化出“浦”派与“粗”派。帕竹时期天文历算学大发展,得益于当时社会经济的繁荣。至噶丹颇章时期,“浦”派由卫藏传至安多,衍生出“噶丹新算”与“智者珍要”等小派,“粗”派则流传至康区,两大流派通过设立天文历算研习机构等方式,实现了广泛传播与繁荣。此过程不仅反映了藏族文化的深厚底蕴,也彰显了其与时俱进的创新活力。The two schools of“Phug”and“Mtshur”are the calendar system formed in the process of Tibetan localization of Indian Kalachakra,and occupy the core position in Tibetan calendar culture.Based on the transmission course of Kalachakra calendar and Tibetan historical stage,the vertical development process and horizontal expansion process of these two schools are sorted out.At the beginning of the 1lth century,the Kalachakra calendar was introduced into Tibet,but because of the controversy over its authenticity,it was not widely spread till Phag-grub period.During that,due to the difference in lunar and solar calendars,the“Phug”and“Mtshur”schools were divided.The great development of astronomy and calendar science culture in Phag-grub period benefited from the prosperity of social economy at that time.In the period of Dga-ldan-pho-brang,the“Phug”school was spread from the Dbus-gtsang to Amdo,resulting in small schools such as“Dga-Idan-rtsis-gsar”and“Mkhas-p'i-snying-nor”,and the“Mtshur”school was spread in Khams area,and the two schools achieved wide dissemination and prosperity through the establishment of astronomical and calendar study institutions.This process not only reflects the profound deposit of Tibetan culture,but also highlights its development vitality with The Times.

关 键 词：时轮历 浦派 粗派 

分 类 号：K281[历史地理—历史学]