侵彻弹体冲击响应模型研究进展  

Research Progress of Impact Response Models for Penetrating Projectile

作　　者：陈柏翰 邹慧辉 沈子楷 王伟光 戴湘晖[2] 王可慧[2] CHEN Baihan;ZOU Huihui;SHEN Zikai;WANG Weiguang;DAI Xianghui;WANG Kehui(Department of Engineering Physics,Tsinghua University,Beijing 100084,China;Northwest Institute of Nuclear Technology,Xi’an 710024,China)

机构地区：[1]清华大学工程物理系,北京100084 [2]西北核技术研究所,西安710024

出　　处：《现代应用物理》2024年第6期1-26,34,共27页Modern Applied Physics

基　　金：国家重点研发基金资助项目(YF-20230309);民用航天技术预先研究基金资助项目(KJSP2023020304)。

摘　　要：侵彻弹体冲击响应是高速侵彻中的重要现象,其中,关键截面和整体结构的变形失效已成为侵彻弹体生存的重要威胁。因此,亟需建立符合侵彻弹体材料、结构和载荷的冲击响应模型,并对弹体的瞬态响应和动力屈曲行为进行评估。本文首先介绍了以往侵彻研究中常用的最大动载模型和刚塑性杆梁模型,分析表明两者对侵彻场景进行了大量简化,无法求解实时应力场并准确预测弹体屈曲;归纳了简化结构和载荷情况下基于黏弹塑性杆梁和壳模型的冲击响应研究,对应力波传播下的瞬态响应、动力屈曲、变截面修正和弹靶结构响应的耦合性分别进行讨论,分析了不同模型基本假设、应用范围和特点,分析表明黏弹塑性杆梁和壳模型对侵彻弹体的瞬态响应和屈曲具有更好的解释力,但因侵彻环境的复杂性仍需若干改进;进一步讨论了各模型在弹体侵彻场景下的仿真和试验验证方法。同时,针对目前已有侵彻弹体结构响应模型和1维结构冲击响应模型各自的不足,提出了将两者结合以开发新模型的研究方向。The impact response of penetrating projectile is an important phenomenon in high-speed penetration,where the deformation and failure of critical sections or overall structures have become a significant threat to the survival of penetrating projectiles.Thus,it is necessary to establish impact response model that conforms to the material,structure,and load of the penetrating projectile,and evaluate its transient response and dynamic buckling.The maximum dynamic load model and rigid-plastic bar-beam model are introduced,which are commonly used in previous studies.The analysis shows that both models have largely simplified the structure and materials of the projectile and can neither solve the real-time stress field nor predict the buckling of the projectile accurately.Furthermore,the research on impact response of the visco-elastoplastic bar-beam and shell model with simplified structure and load is introduced.The coupling of transient response,dynamic buckling,variable cross-section correction and coupling response of projectile-target under stress wave propagation is discussed respectively.The basic assumptions,application scope and characteristics of different models are analyzed.The results show that the visco-elastoplastic bar-beam and shell model make better explanation for the transient response and buckling of penetrating projectiles.However,they need to be modified due to the complexity of penetration scenario.The simulation and experimental verification methods for these models are discussed.In response to the shortcomings of both existing structural response models for penetrating projectile and one-dimensional stress wave propagation and buckling theory,possible research directions are proposed to combine the two to develop new models.

关 键 词：硬目标侵彻 应力波 弹体结构响应 动力屈曲 弹靶耦合效应 

分 类 号：TJ301[兵器科学与技术—火炮、自动武器与弹药工程] TJ760