人工智能“复活”逝者:伦理风险及其法治进路  

AI “Resurrection”of the Deceased: Its Ethical Risks and Legal Approaches

作　　者：李沐芝 LI Muzhi(School of Marxism,East China University of Political Science and Law,Shanghai 201620,Shanghai,China)

机构地区：[1]华东政法大学马克思主义学院,上海201620

出　　处：《昆明理工大学学报(社会科学版)》2025年第1期58-66,共9页Journal of Kunming University of Science and Technology(Social Sciences)

基　　金：国家社会科学基金后期资助项目“新时代网络意识形态领域领导权问题研究”(22FKSB025);福建省习近平新时代中国特色社会主义思想研究中心年度项目“智媒时代提升党的网络舆论引导力研究”(FJ2022XZB016)。

摘　　要：从公众人物的人工智能“复活”到普通民众以人工智能技术“复活”已故亲友,彰显着这一技术正在不断成熟、逐渐普及。从人工智能“复活”到数字永生,人们不断尝试用技术的发展超越生死的界限,这既是科技发展的追求,也是人们现实情感的需求。当前,人工智能在“复活”逝者领域的应用已经发展到一定阶段,其在重塑生死观念、弥合情感创口、扩展“生命痕迹”形式等方面表现出不可忽视的价值。但人工智能“复活”技术的应用也带来了“数字分身”的身份定位模糊、“两栖生存”的情感伤害、逝者的权益侵害、情感资本化等伦理风险。因此,为回应伦理呼唤,亟需加强法治建设,可以从开发设计、使用监测、社会环境三个层面入手,确保人工智能“复活”技术的应用既合情合理又合法。AI“resurrection”of the public figures'progressing to the“resurrection”of decesaed relatives and friends through AI technology by the common people demonstrates that the technology has become increasingly mature and popular.From AI“resurrection”to digital immortality,people are constantly attempting to transcend the boundaries of life and death through technological development,which shows both the pursuit of technological development and the demand of people's emotions.Currently,the application of AI technology in“resurrecting”the deceased has reached a certain stage,which holds significant value in reshaping the concept of life and death,mending emotional wounds,and expanding the forms of“life traces”.Nevertheless,the AI“resurrection”technology has also brought about such ethical risks as the ambiguous identity positioning of“digital doubles”,emotional harm from“bipedal existence”,infringement of the rights of the deceased,and the capitalization of emotions.Hence,there is an urgent need to respond to the ethical call through legal construction.The application of AI“resurrection”technology can be made reasonable,legitimate,and ethical by taking into consideration the development and design,the use monitoring,and the social environment.

关 键 词：人工智能“复活” 数字永生 伦理风险 治理路径 法治化 

分 类 号：TP18[自动化与计算机技术—控制理论与控制工程] D922.16[自动化与计算机技术—控制科学与工程] D923[政治法律—宪法学与行政法学]