使真者理论对“领域问题”的回应及其评价  

The Response and Its Evaluation of theTruth-maker Theory to the Scope Problem

作　　者：胡兰双 HU Lan-shuang

机构地区：[1]中共天津市委党校哲学教研部

出　　处：《河北学刊》2025年第2期141-152,共12页Hebei Academic Journal

基　　金：2021年度天津市哲学社会科学基金青年项目“基于‘事实’概念与考辨的真理符合论研究”(TJZX21-005)。

摘　　要：真之符合论面临领域问题的威胁,即不能一以贯之地用符合论的观点解释不同领域问题下命题何以为真的问题。按照句子类型的不同,可将该问题划分为否定命题的解释疑难、总体命题的解释疑难和模态命题的解释疑难。阿姆斯特朗的使真者理论作为符合论的当代变种理论为解决领域问题提供了一套方案,他分别给出了原子命题、否定命题、总体命题、模态命题的使真者,捍卫了符合论一元论的立场。但是他的方案因“内在性质和关系自动成立”“蕴涵原则的大量使用”等原因面临“不相干的使真者”疑难。因此,可以通过“改善内在性质和关系在使真者刻画中的缺位”“限制和避免蕴涵原则的使用”“为否定事实辩护”等方式对其理论进行补充和完善。The correspondence theory of truth faces the threat of the scope problem,which challenges its ability to consistently explain,from the perspective of correspondence theory,how propositions are true across different domains.Based on the types of sentences,this problem can be categorized into the explanatory difficulties of negative propositions,general propositions,and modal propositions.Armstrong’s truth-maker theory,as a contemporary variant of correspondence theory,provides a framework for addressing the scope problem.He identifies truth-makers for atomic propositions,negative propositions,general propositions,and modal propositions,thereby defending the monistic stance of correspondence theory.However,his approach faces the difficulty of“irrelevant truth-makers”due to reasons such as the“automatic existence of intrinsic properties and relations”and the“extensive use of the principle of entailment.”To improve and refine his theory,it is necessary to address these issues by“enhancing the characterization of intrinsic properties and relations in truth-makers”,“restricting and avoiding the use of the principle of entailment”,and“justifying negative facts”.

关 键 词：使真者理论 真之符合论 领域问题 阿姆斯特朗 

分 类 号：B81[哲学宗教—逻辑学]