刘家峡水库主动源试验区浮游硅藻群落结构及其多样性  

Community structure and diversity of planktic diatom in active source test areas of the Liujiaxia Reservoir

作　　者：陈凌云[1,2] 刘乐 申啸天 陈锷 成丹 孔维宝 杜海峰[4] CHEN Ling-yun;LIU Le;SHEN Xiao-tian;CHEN E;CHENG Dan;KONG Wei-bao;DU Hai-feng(College of Life Science,Northwest Normal University,Lanzhou 730070,China;Gansu Key Laboratory of Cold Water Fishes Germplasm Resources and Genetics Breeding,Lanzhou 730030,China;The Environmental Monitoring Center of Gansu Province,Lanzhou 730020,China;Longnan Ecological and Environmental Monitoring Centre of Gansu Province,Longnan 746000,Gansu,China)

机构地区：[1]西北师范大学生命科学学院,兰州730070 [2]甘肃省冷水性鱼类种质资源与遗传育种重点实验室,兰州730030 [3]甘肃省环境监测中心站,兰州730020 [4]甘肃省陇南生态环境监测中心,甘肃陇南746000

出　　处：《兰州大学学报(自然科学版)》2025年第1期65-75,共11页Journal of Lanzhou University(Natural Sciences)

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(42267044,41067012);甘肃省自然科学基金项目(23JRRA688,22JR5RA796);甘肃省重点研发计划项目(21YF5WA012);陇南市科技计划项目(2023-S QKJ-38);西北师范大学研究生科研项目(2022KYZZS181,2023KYZZ-S175)。

摘　　要：以刘家峡水库主动源试验区为研究区域,选取10个采样位点,对试验区浮游硅藻群落结构特征和功能多样性进行调查,结合水质理化指标,分析影响浮游硅藻群落特征的环境因子.结果表明,试验区共检出浮游硅藻90种,隶属于2纲6目9科32属,优势类群主要为曲丝藻属;浮游硅藻群落的Shannon多样性指数、Margalef丰富度指数和Pielou均匀度指数变化范围分别为2.02~2.21、4.11~4.95和0.56~0.61;对浮游硅藻群落丰度进行聚类分析和非度量多维尺度分析,结果显示采样点可划分为4个群组,其中A群组为样点S1、S2和S3,B群组为样点S4、S5和S6,C群组为样点S7和S8,D群组为样点S9和S10;相似性分析检验结合相似百分比分析,结果显示浮游硅藻群落存在极显著差异(R=0.959,P=0.01),且造成差异的主要贡献种为高尔夫曲丝藻、亚显曲丝藻、高山曲丝藻和尖肘形藻;分别对鉴定的8大功能类群代表种属进行主坐标典型分析,结果显示各群落间存在一定的异质性;对浮游硅藻类群与环境因子分别进行生物环境连接分析和基于距离的冗余分析,结果显示总氮、pH、化学需氧量和NO-3-N为影响浮游硅藻群落的主要环境因子.主动源试验区气枪激发活动扰动水体后,可能会对周边浮游硅藻的物种分布和群落结构产生轻微影响.10 sampling sites were chosen to investigate the community structure and functional diversity of planktonic diatoms in the Liujiaxia Reservoir.Combined with physicochemical water quality indicators,environmental factors influencing the characteristics of planktonic diatom communities were further analyzed.A total of 90 species of planktonic diatoms were identified,which belonged to 2 classes,6orders,9 families and 32 genera.Dominant taxa were mainly from the genus Achnanthidium.The ranges of Shannon diversity index,Margalef richness index and Pielou evenness index of planktonic diatom communities were 2.02-2.21,4.11-4.95 and 0.56-0.61,respectively.Based on cluster analysis and nonmetric multidimensional scaling of diatom abundance,sampling sites were divided into 4 groups.Similarity analysis combined with similarity percentage analysis indicated significant differences among diatom communities,with A.caledonicum,A.pseudoconspicuum,A.alpestre and Ulnaria acus contributing significantly to the dissimilarities.Canonical analysis of principal coordinates of 8 functional groups representative species revealed heterogeneity among communities.Environmental factors such as total nitrogen,pH,chemical oxygen demand and NO-3-N were identified as major determinators of planktonic diatom communities through biota-environmental analysis and distance-based redundancy analysis.The results suggested that the use of airguns in the sampling area might have a slight impact on the species distribution and community structure of planktonic diatoms in the surrounding waters.

关 键 词：浮游硅藻 群落结构 生物多样性 生态效应 刘家峡水库 

分 类 号：Q142[生物学—生态学]