颗粒农产品非连续累计自动定量加料技术  

Discontinuous totalizing automatic quantitative feeding technology for granular agricultural products

作　　者：王嘉恩 WANG Jia'en(School of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering&Automation,Xiamen University Tan Kah Kee College,Zhangzhou 363105,China)

机构地区：[1]厦门大学嘉庚学院机电工程与自动化学院,漳州363105

出　　处：《农业工程学报》2025年第1期98-106,共9页Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering

基　　金：福建省中青年教师教育科研项目(JAT210633)。

摘　　要：为解决颗粒农产品定量加料精度不高、自动化程度较低等问题,该研究分析了市面上常见的颗粒农产品的物理特性,提出一种基于闭环控制算法的非连续累计加料定量方法,研制了一款针对颗粒农产品的动态定量加料设备,该设备的加料机构是通过滚珠丝杠螺母副和花键副来控制若干个可变容积的量杯结构,并通过复检机构检测加料实际质量。当加料实际质量与目标质量出现偏差时,通过闭环控制系统逐次修正定量加料机构的量杯容积,从而累计总量得到目标质量。试验结果表明,以定量加料600 g黄豆、红豆或绿豆为例,在量杯数量为5,设备转速为2r/min的条件下,加料质量误差可控制在0.2%以内。该技术能够有效地减小动态定量加料产生的误差,定量精度远高于国家定量包装商品允许短缺量的要求。研究为颗粒农产品定量加料作业提供一种可行的技术方案。Granular agricultural products can often be packaged quantitatively before sales.The speed and accuracy of material feeding are important indicators to evaluate quantitative feeding in quantitative packaging production lines.However,it is difficult to accurately and efficiently feed the granular agricultural products,due to the irregular appearance,uneven volume and easy dispersion.In this study,discontinuous totalizing quantitative feeding was proposed,according to the volume and gravity(static weighing).A closed-loop control system was constructed with iterative learning.A dynamic quantitative feeding equipment was also developed for the granular agricultural products.The feeding mechanism of the equipment was composed of several measuring cups with variable volume under accurate control by the shaft.The reinspection mechanism of the equipment was composed of a reinspection weighing scale,removal,and unloading device,in order to inspect the actual quality of the feeding.The working procedure of the equipment was as follows.Firstly,the packaging target quality was evenly divided into several parts.And then each part of the target quality was quantitatively fed with a measuring cup during feeding.Furthermore,a gravity(static weighing)quantitative feeding was used to inspect the actual quality of the previous one before feeding to the next measuring cup in each group.The inspected error was used to adjust the volume of the next measuring cup in the same group.Finally,the actual quality of all measuring cups was totalized to obtain the packaging target quality.Since the packaging target quality was obtained by totalizing the feeding of several measuring cups,the volume of the following measuring cups was continuously corrected to make the totalizing feeding actual quality of measuring cups approach the packaging target quality in a group of feeding,regardless of whether there was an error in the first few measuring cups.This discontinuous totalizing feeding was integrated to improve the quantitative accuracy of the

关 键 词：农产品 颗粒料 加料 非连续累计 闭环控制 

分 类 号：S233.5[农业科学—农业机械化工程]