江苏高邮灌区水稻需水量时频域特征及影响因素分析  

Time-frequency domain characteristics and key factors of rice water requirment in Gaoyou irrigation district of Jiangsu,China

作　　者：侯苗 杨星 齐斐 翁松干 鞠艳 张雯叶 王志寰 HOU Miao;YANG Xing;QI Fei;WENG Songgan;JU Yan;ZHANG Wenye;WANG Zhihuan(Jiangsu Hydraulic Research Institute,Nanjing 210017,China)

机构地区：[1]江苏省水利科学研究院,南京210017

出　　处：《农业工程学报》2025年第1期119-127,共9页Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering

基　　金：江苏省水利科技项目(2022006)。

摘　　要：水稻需水量研究面临多方面挑战,包括海量数据处理、时空尺度变化的复杂性,这使得采用单一方法难以捕捉其关键特征。因此,为解决单一方法难以捕捉水稻需水量变化的关键特征的困难,该研究提出了一种时域和频域相结合的需水量关键影响因素识别方法。利用Penman-Monteith公式,基于7个气象指数、4个环流指数,研究了高邮灌区1980—2021年水稻生育期内作物需水量(crop water requirement,ET_(c))和灌溉需水量(irrigation water requirement,IR)特征,并从时频域角度,综合Pearson相关性、小波、投影长度和M-K检验等分析方法,结合能量分区,提出了水稻需水量关键影响因素的分析方法,识别水稻需水量关键影响因素及变化趋势。结果表明:1)ET_(c)和IR多年均值分别为532.88、285.04 mm/a;年际距平显示,ET_(c)和IR在2000年由偏少向偏多转变;月度变化显示,每年8月需水量最高,10月最低;2)ET_(c)和IR存在2个主能量区(Ⅰ、Ⅱ区),Ⅰ区相对Ⅱ区,时间尺度更大、周期更长;ET_(c)在Ⅰ、Ⅱ区分别受到相对湿度、日照时长主导,其中相对湿度领先ET_(c)约1/2周期,日照时长与ET_(c)无相位差;IR在Ⅰ、Ⅱ区均受降水量主导,二者相位差均为1/2周期;3)从能量分区及相关性的分析结果来看,ET_(c)的关键影响因素是日照时长和相对湿度,分别呈显著负相关和正相关;IR的关键影响因素是降水量,两者呈显著负相关。总体来看,ET_(c)和IR与关键影响因素呈现了一种“主震有序、余震不断”的特点;4)ET_(c)和IR呈现缓慢震荡上升趋势,在2005年后更为明显。研究提出的需水量关键影响因素识别方法,可为高邮灌区水稻及其他区域作物合理灌溉制度的制定提供参考。Multiple challenges exsit in the study of rice water requirement(RWR),such as the handling of massive data and the complexity of spatio-temporal scale changes.These challenges make it difficult to capture key characteristics of RWR using a single approach.Therefore,to overcome these challenges,we proposed an innovative approach combining time-domain and frequency-domain for identifying the key influencing factors of water requirements in this study.The Penman-Monteith formula,based on seven meteorological indices and four circulation indices,was used to analyze the characteristics of RWR including crop water requirement(ET_(c))and irrigation water requirement(IR)during the rice growth period in the Gaoyou irrigation district from 1980 to 2021.From the perspective of time-frequency domain,this study integrated Pearson correlation analysis,wavelet analysis,projection length analysis,and M-K test methods,in combination with energy partitioning analysis,to propose a method for analyzing key influencing factors of RWR and identifying their variation trends.The results of the study showed as follows.1)In terms of interannual variation,the multiyear mean of ET_(c)and IR were 532.88 mm/a and 285.04 mm/a,respectively.Their variations ranged from 444.61 to 638.55 mm/a for ET_(c)and 32.63 to 481.62 mm/a for IR.IR showed the greater interannual variability than ET_(c).The interannual anomaly values analysis showed that ET_(c)and IR transitioned from below average to above average around the year of 2000.And,the monthly variation during the rice growth period showed that RWR was the highest in August and the lowest in October each year.2)Both ET_(c)and IR had two main energy zones,namely Zone Ⅰ and Zone Ⅱ.Zone Ⅰ had a larger time scale and longer periods compared to Zone Ⅱ.For ET_(c),Zone Ⅰ had cycles of 25-30 years,while short-period components in Zone Ⅱ had cycles of 5-15 years.And for IR,the long-period signal components had cycles of 13-18 years,and the short-period components had cycles of 3-9 years.In Zones

关 键 词：水稻 需水量 时频域 PENMAN-MONTEITH公式 相关性 影响因素 

分 类 号：TV93[水利工程—水利水电工程] S27[农业科学—农业水土工程]