香蕉纤维高效低耗脱胶工艺的参数优选  

Optimizing the parameters for high efficiency and low consumption degumming of banana fiber

作　　者：张美玲[1] 鲁张含悦 李翌溶 刘倩倩 王占刚[2] 叶健青 郑广伟 ZHANG Meiling;LU Zhanghanyue;LI Yirong;LIU Qianqian;WANG Zhangang;YE Jianqing;ZHENG Guangwei(School of Textile Science and Engineering,Tiangong University,Tianjin 300387,China;School of Software,Tiangong University,Tianjin 300387,China;Zhejiang Yuanlong Composite Material Co.,Jinhua 321000,China;Henan Bangwei Hi-Tech Special Textiles Co.,Hebi 456761,China)

机构地区：[1]天津工业大学纺织科学与工程学院,天津300387 [2]天津工业大学软件学院,天津300387 [3]浙江元龙复合材料有限公司,金华321000 [4]河南邦维高科特种纺织品有限公司,鹤壁456761

出　　处：《农业工程学报》2025年第1期323-329,共7页Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering

基　　金：天津市科技计划项目(20YDTPJC01380)。

摘　　要：为了探寻香蕉纤维的最佳脱胶工艺,该研究以香蕉原麻为原料,采用乙二醇脱胶法、高温碱法和传统碱法3种脱胶工艺处理香蕉纤维,并对香蕉纤维的物理性能、表观形貌和化学成分进行研究。试验结果表明:高温碱法脱胶工艺的残胶率为3.4%,低于传统碱法的8.93%和有机溶剂脱胶法的13.13%。其断裂强度为4.43 cN/dtex,高于传统碱法的3.53 cN/dtex。高温碱法处理纤维的化学药品用量与传统碱法和有机溶剂脱胶法相比,分别减少了46.6%和81.3%,且高温碱法时间缩短至1.75 h。研究表明,高温碱法脱胶工艺更适用于香蕉纤维脱胶。Bananas are one of the most popular fruits in the world.The main producing areas can be distributed in China,Indonesia,Brazil,Ecuador,and the Philippines.Among them,the total annual banana production in China is about 13 million tons.After the banana fruits are picked,the banana pseudostems usually remained on the farm to rot or burn,leading to serious environmental pollution.The banana fiber has great potential in the textile industry,construction,automobile,and machinery fields,due to the high tensile strength and modulus,low density,and excellent antibacterial and biodegradable properties of banana fiber.Banana stem fiber can contain a large number of colloid components,such as pectin,hemicellulose,and lignin,thus limiting the application of its fiber.Therefore,it is very necessary to remove the colloid from the banana stem fiber,in order to meet the requirements of downstream.In this study,the ethylene glycol and sodium hydroxide were individually selected to degum the banana fiber at high temperatures.Firstly,the fiber was pretreated and then degummed in ethylene glycol or alkali solution at a high temperature.The degummed banana fiber was characterized by a scanning electron microscope(SEM),Fourier transformation infrared spectrometer(FTIR),X-ray diffractometer(XRD),and thermal gravimetric analyzer(TGA).The structures and composition of banana fiber were obtained under different degumming.The physical and mechanical properties of banana fiber were tested and analyzed as well.A more efficient,low-consumption batch preparation degumming was optimized,according to the amount of chemicals,processing time,and fiber properties.The results show that the residual glue rate of high-temperature alkali degumming fiber was 3.4%,which was lower than the 8.93% of the traditional alkali and the 13.13% of the organic solvent degumming.Furthermore,the cellulose content increased after degumming,with the organic solvent and the traditional alkali increasing to 68.31% and 79.27%,respectively.But both were lower than the cellu

关 键 词：香蕉纤维 高温碱法脱胶 高效低耗 残胶率 断裂强度 

分 类 号：S563.9[农业科学—作物学]