新型钾肥对花生产量、品质及钾素吸收利用影响的研究  

Study on the effects of new potassium fertilizer on yield, quality and potassium uptake and utilization of peanut

作　　者：洪熙明 卢树昌 郭刘明 何季玲 陶萱 姜云惠 Hong Ximing;Lu shuchang;Guo Liuming;He Jiling;Tao Xuan;Jiang Yunhui(College of Agronomy and Resources Environment,Tianjin Agricultural University,Tianjin 300392,China)

机构地区：[1]天津农学院农学与资源环境学院,天津300392

出　　处：《天津农学院学报》2025年第1期7-12,共6页Journal of Tianjin Agricultural University

基　　金：天津市大学生创新创业训练计划项目(20231006205);天津市重点研发计划科技支撑重点项目(19YFZCSN00290)。

摘　　要：针对粮油兼用作物产量与品质不佳,我国传统钾肥的施用存在肥效短、利用率低、应用效果差等问题,为研究新型钾肥对作物生长的影响,提高钾肥利用效率,促进作物生长,改善作物的产量和品质,本研究采用田间小区试验,以传统钾肥(K_(2)O)常规用量处理(150 kg/hm^(2))为对照,研究了施用不同用量新型钾肥(0、75、150、225、300 kg/hm^(2))对花生产量、品质以及钾素吸收利用效果的影响。结果表明:新型钾肥用量为150 kg/hm^(2)时,花生干物质积累量、产量、钾素吸收以及钾素利用率表现较好,花生油脂含量、可溶性总糖含量、降低花生总酸度方面也表现较好;新型钾肥用量为75 kg/hm^(2)时,可以有效改善花生蛋白质含量;新型钾肥用量为300 kg/hm^(2)时,在提高花生维生素C含量方面表现较佳,同时其在土壤当季供钾水平(速效钾)和供钾潜力(缓效钾)均为最高。综合来看,新型钾肥用量为150 kg/hm^(2)时,对提高花生产量、品质及土壤钾素吸收利用表现最佳。In order to study the impact of new potassium fertilizer on crop growth,improve the use efficiency of potassium fertilizer,promote crop growth,and improve crop yield and quality,the effects of new potassium fertilizer application(0,75,150,225,300 kg/hm^(2))on the yield,quality and potassium uptake and utilization of peanut were studied by using the conventional treatment of traditional potassium fertilizer(150 kg/hm^(2))as the control.The results showed that the dosage of the new potassium fertilizer 150 kg/hm^(2) had good performance in the dry matter accumulation,yield,potassium absorption and potassium utilization efficiency of peanut,and it was good in increasing the oil content,total soluble sugar content and reducing the total acidity of peanut;the dosage of the new potassium fertilizer 75 kg/hm^(2) could effectively improve the protein content of peanut;and the dosage of the new potassium fertilizer 300 kg/hm^(2) showed the best performance in increasing the vitamin C content of peanut,and the highest potassium supply level(available potassium)and the highest potassium supply potential(slow-acting potassium)in the soil in the current season.On the whole,when the dosage of the new potassium fertilizer was 150 kg/hm^(2),it had the best effect on improving the yield,quality and soil potassium uptake and utilization of peanut.

关 键 词：钾肥 花生 产量 品质 钾素吸收 

分 类 号：S143.32[农业科学—肥料学] S565.2[农业科学—农业基础科学]