台风“杜苏芮”对天津海域经济贝类的影响研究  

Impact of typhoon “Doksuri” on economic shellfish from Tianjin sea area

作　　者：余利海 甄秀维 陈雅琦 梁健 李永仁 Yu Lihai;Zhen Xiuwei;Chen Yaqi;Liang Jian;Li Yongren(Tianjin Key Laboratory of Aqua-Ecology and Aquaculture,College of Fisheries,Tianjin Agricultural University,Tianjin 300392,China)

机构地区：[1]天津农学院水产学院天津市水产生态及养殖重点实验室,天津300392

出　　处：《天津农学院学报》2025年第1期51-55,共5页Journal of Tianjin Agricultural University

基　　金：山东省重点研发计划(2023CXGC010411);天津市海水养殖产业技术体系创新团队(ITTMRS2021003);现代农业产业技术体系建设专项资金(CARS49)。

摘　　要：为了解台风“杜苏芮”对天津海域经济贝类的影响,调查分析了泄洪前后浅海、滩涂及海水池塘内经济贝类资源变化情况,结果表明:独流减河、子牙新河河口区盐度降低60%以上,除缢蛏、青蛤外,毛蚶、牡蛎、菲律宾蛤仔、脉红螺等经济贝类几乎全部死亡,离岸11.5 km以远,海水盐度升至20以上;鲤鱼门滩涂脉红螺、菲律宾蛤仔、毛蚶死亡率分别为42.5%、62.6%和100.0%,生物量下降87.8%;大神堂浅海及驴驹河滩涂盐度降低30%~40%,经济贝类死亡率低于10%,生物量分别提高0.6%和25.9%;海水池塘盐度下降30%左右,养殖的菲律宾蛤仔、硬壳蛤死亡率分别为12.3%及5.3%。可通过经济贝类增殖放流等方式修复贝类资源。Economic shellfish resources in shallow sea,intertidal zone and seawater ponds before and after flood discharge were investigated and analyzed after typhoon“Doksuri”in order to understand the impact of flood on economic shellfish in Tianjin sea area.The results showed that,the salinity in the mouth of Duliujian River and Ziyaxin River has decreased more than 60%,almost all economic shellfish such as Scapharca subcrenata,Crassostrea gigas,Ruditapes philippinarum,and Rapana venosa died except for Sinonovacula constricta and Cyclina sinensis,and the seawater salinity rose above 20 beyond 11.5 km offshore;The mortality rates of Rapana venosa,Ruditapes philippinarum and Scapharca subcrenata in Liyumen mudflat were 42.5%,62.6%and 100%respectively,and the biomass decreased by 87.8%;The salinity in Dashentang shallow sea and the Lvjuhe intertidal zone decreased by 30%-40%,the mortality rate of economic shellfish were less than 10%,and the biomass increased by 0.6%and 25.9%respectively;The salinity of seawater ponds has decreased by about 30%,and the mortality rates of Ruditapes philippinarum and hard clams in aquaculture raised by 12.3%and 5.3%,respectively.Thus,it is suggested to conduct economic shellfish release,disaster warning and follow-up investigations.

关 键 词：台风 贝类 存活率 生物量 

分 类 号：S968.3[农业科学—水产养殖]