山岭隧道电子雷管硬岩长进尺爆破减振技术研究  

Research on Vibration Reduction Technology of Electronic Detonator Hard Rock Long Footage Blasting in Mountain Tunnel

作　　者：吴西峰 辛柏成 朱袁军 傅洪贤[3] 何维维 文金龙 WU Xifeng;XIN Bocheng;ZHU Yuanjun;FU Hongxian;HE Weiwei;WEN Jinlong(China Railway Third Engineering Group Bridge and Tunnel Engineering Co.Ltd.,Chengdu Sichuan 610083,China;School of Civil Engineering,Qingdao University of Technology,Qingdao Shandong 266033,China;School of Civil Engineering,Beijing Jiaotong University,Beijing 100044,China)

机构地区：[1]中铁三局集团桥隧工程有限公司,四川成都610083 [2]青岛理工大学土木工程学院,山东青岛266033 [3]北京交通大学土木建筑工程学院,北京100044

出　　处：《铁道建筑技术》2025年第2期131-135,144,共6页Railway Construction Technology

基　　金：西成铁路客运专线陕西有限责任公司科技研究重点开发计划项目(西康高铁合[2021]18号)。

摘　　要：目前山岭隧道电子雷管爆破大多采用导爆管雷管分段延时理念设置延期时间,导致爆破振动较大。依托某大跨隧道工程,测试电子雷管不同延期时间起爆条件下的振速,分析减振和破岩效果;采用数值模拟方法研究电子雷管不同延期时间下群孔掏槽爆破的振动响应规律,得出合理延期时间。研究结果:山岭隧道采用电子雷管单孔连续爆破,相比同段炮孔同时齐发爆破,有效降低爆破振动达79%以上;采用电子雷管单孔连续爆破时,延期时间不宜过长,否则易导致炮孔利用率较低;山岭隧道采用电子雷管爆破时,还需考虑相邻炮孔的岩石叠加破碎效果,尤其是掏槽孔爆破。建议山岭隧道长进尺爆破中掏槽孔延期时间为1~4 ms,岩石较硬时取小值,岩石较软时取大值。At present,the blasting of electronic detonators in mountain tunnels mostly adopts the concept of segmented delay of nonel detonators to set the delay time,which leads to large blasting vibration.Based on a large-span tunnel project,the vibration velocity of electronic detonator under different delay time initiation conditions was tested,and the effects of vibration reduction and rock breaking were analyzed.The numerical simulation method is used to study the vibration response law of group hole cutting blasting under different delay time of electronic detonator,and the reasonable delay time is obtained.The results show that the single-hole continuous blasting with electronic detonator is used in the mountain tunnel,which can effectively reduce the blasting vibration by more than 79%compared with the simultaneous blasting in the same section.When the electronic detonator is used for single-hole continuous blasting,the delay time should not be too long,otherwise it is easy to lead to a low utilization rate of the blasthole.When the mountain tunnel adopts electronic detonator blasting,it is also necessary to consider the rock superposition crushing effect of adjacent blast holes,especially the cutting hole blasting.Therefore,it is suggested that the delay time of the cut hole in the long footage blasting of the mountain tunnel is 1-4 ms,and the small value is taken when the rock is hard,and the large value is taken when the rock is soft.

关 键 词：隧道爆破 电子雷管 延期时间 数值模拟 安全评价 

分 类 号：U455.6[建筑科学—桥梁与隧道工程]