软弱围岩铁路隧道弱爆破技术研究与应用  

Research and Application of Weak Blasting Technology in Railway Tunnels with Weak Surrounding Rocks

作　　者：纪曲波 JI Qubo(China Railway Guizhou Engineering Co.Ltd.,Guiyang Guizhou 550000,China)

机构地区：[1]中铁贵州工程有限公司,贵州贵阳550000

出　　处：《铁道建筑技术》2025年第2期140-144,共5页Railway Construction Technology

基　　金：贵州省科技计划项目(黔科合成果[2024]一般124)。

摘　　要：软弱围岩铁路隧道施工面临诸多挑战,传统爆破方法在软弱围岩隧道中易引起较大的围岩扰动和地表沉降,对周边环境和隧道结构安全造成不利影响。以瓮马铁路吉心村2号隧道爆破为工程背景,通过理论计算得到初始爆破参数,再利用ANSYS/LS-DYNA软件建立隧道三维模型,对软弱围岩铁路隧道上台阶弱爆破过程进行模拟分析,并针对现场施工存在的问题及施工需求,对初始爆破方案进行减孔优化设计。结果表明,采用优化后的爆破施工方案可有效缩短施工周期,降低软弱围岩因暴露时间过长而出现的变形、坍塌等安全风险。The construction of railroad tunnels with weak surrounding rocks faces many challenges.Traditional blasting methods in weak surrounding rock tunnels may cause large rock disturbances and surface settlement,which may adversely affect the surrounding environment and the safety of the tunnel structure.In this paper,we select the No.2 Tunnel of Jixin Village of Weng′an-Machangping Railway as the research object,get the initial blasting parameters through theoretical calculations,establish the three-dimensional model of the tunnel by using ANSYS/LS-DYNA software,simulate and analyze the weak blasting process of the upper step of the railroad tunnel in weak surrounding rock,and optimize the design of the initial blasting program by reducing the holes in response to the problems and construction needs of the site construction.The results show that the optimized blasting construction plan can effectively shorten the construction period and reduce the safety risks of deformation and collapse of weak surrounding rock due to long exposure time.

关 键 词：铁路隧道 软弱围岩 弱爆破 数值模拟 方案优化 

分 类 号：U455.6[建筑科学—桥梁与隧道工程]