可控震源自主扫描单炮记录提取技术及应用  

Technology and application of single-shot record extraction for controlled source autonomous scanning

作　　者：胡慧光 Hu Huiguang(SINOPEC Geophysical Research Institute Co.,Ltd.,Nanjing 211103,Jiangsu,China)

机构地区：[1]中石化石油物探技术研究院有限公司,江苏南京211103

出　　处：《地质学刊》2024年第4期409-418,共10页Journal of Geology

基　　金：中石化石油物探技术研究院有限公司项目“2021年顺北地区顺托果勒区顺北8井区可控震源宽频高效三维采集先导试验资料处理攻关”(34400000-21-FW0303-0012)。

摘　　要：可控震源GNSS(全球导航卫星系统)时间同步自主扫描采集的原始记录数据的单炮记录分离方法尚存在诸多不足。提出了一种可控震源自助扫描单炮记录提取技术,通过系统研究采集方法、信号存档文件和地震仪器记录数据文件,设计了以信号存档文件的GNSS时间为索引,对地震仪器记录数据文件进行道筛选、GNSS时间定位、相关运算等单炮记录提取流程,形成可控震源自主扫描采集数据的单炮记录提取方法。将该技术应用于SZ三维可控震源自主扫描地震采集,结果显示:与相同位置交替扫描资料的单炮记录对比,有效波波形具有较好的一致性,表明方法正确;与交替扫描资料的叠加剖面对比,同向轴相位与反射波形态近于一致且频谱相近,未改变其构造形态及频率特征,表明方法准确可靠;实际应用中大幅减少了运算时间和人工成本,表明方法高效实用。The single-shot record separation method for raw data autonomously acquired through controlled source GNSS(Global Navigation Satellite System)time-synchronized scanning still has significant limitations.This paper proposes a single-shot record extraction technique for controlled source autonomous scanning.By systematically studying acquisition methods,signal archive files,and seismic instrument recording data files,a workflow for extracting single-shot records was designed.This workflow uses the GNSS time from the signal archive file as an index to perform trace selection,GNSS time positioning,correlation computation,and other operations on the seismic instrument recording data files.The proposed method was applied to SZ 3D controlled source autonomous scanning seismic acquisition.The results demonstrate that,compared with single-shot records from alternating scanning data at the same location,the effective waveforms exhibit good consistency,verifying the correctness of the method.Additionally,compared with the stacked profile of alternating scanning data,the phase of the coherent axes and the morphology of the reflection wave are highly consistent,and the frequency spectrum is similar,indicating that the structural morphology and frequency characteristics remain unaltered.This confirms the method′s accuracy and reliability.Furthermore,in practical applications,the method significantly reduces computation time and labor costs,demonstrating its efficiency and practicality.

关 键 词：可控震源 自主扫描 单炮提取 GNSS时间 

分 类 号：P631.443[天文地球—地质矿产勘探]