CL-20/MNP共晶炸药的制备与表征  

Preparation and Characterization of CL⁃20/MNP Cocrystal

作　　者：马凡 刘泽宁 宁霆曜 乔申 杨宗伟[2] 梁金虎 MA Fan;LIU Ze-ning;NING Ting-yao;QIAO Shen;YANG Zong-wei;LIANG Jin-hu(School of Environment and Safety Engineering,North University of China,Taiyuan 030051,China;Institute of Chemical Materials,CAEP,Mianyang 621999,China)

机构地区：[1]中北大学环境与安全工程学院,山西太原030051 [2]中国工程物理研究院化工材料研究所,四川绵阳621999

出　　处：《含能材料》2025年第2期110-116,共7页Chinese Journal of Energetic Materials

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(22275175,21975233)。

摘　　要：为降低六硝基六氮杂异伍兹烷(CL‑20)的机械感度,研究采用共晶技术将CL‑20与甲基硝基吡唑(MNP)的同分异构体分子1‑甲基‑3‑硝基吡唑(3‑MNP)和1‑甲基‑4‑硝基吡唑(4‑MNP)制备出共晶炸药CL‑20/3‑MNP(共晶化合物1)和CL‑20/4‑MNP(共晶化合物2)。并通过单晶X射线衍射仪(SXRD)确定单晶结构,采用差示扫描量热法(DSC)和BAM落锤撞击感度仪测试共晶的热性能和撞击感度,利用EXPLO5对其爆轰性能进行预测。结果表明共晶化合物1为三斜晶系,P1空间群,室温下晶体密度为1.707 g·cm^(-3);共晶化合物2为正交晶系,Pbca空间群,室温下晶体密度为1.829 g·cm^(-3)。共晶化合物1与2熔点分别为113.2℃和147.2℃,比3‑MNP和4‑MNP分别提高了25.2℃和53.7℃,分解温度均高于CL‑20,具有更好的热稳定性;共晶化合物1和2的撞击感度分别为20 J和18 J,有效降低CL‑20(2.5 J)感度;理论爆速分别为8060 m·s^(-1)和8643 m·s^(-1),理论爆压分别为26.16 GPa和32.61 GPa,较CL‑20有所下降,其中共晶化合物2感度和爆轰性能与LLM‑105(17 J,8560 m·s^(-1),34.99 GPa)相当,有望作为一种新的高能低感共晶炸药。In order to reduce the mechanical sensitivity of hexanitrohexaazaisowurtzitane(CL‑20),the cocrystal explosives CL‑20/3‑MNP(cocrystal 1)and CL‑20/4‑MNP(cocrystal 2)were prepared by cocrystal technology by combining the isomeric molecules of CL‑20 and methyl‑nitropyrazole(MNP):1‑methyl‑3‑nitropyrazole(3‑MNP)and 1‑methyl‑4‑nitropyrazole(4‑MNP).The structure of the single crystal was determined by single crystal X‑ray diffractometer(SXRD),and the thermal properties and impact sensitivity of the cocrystal were measured by differential scanning calorimetry(DSC)and BAM drop weight impact sensitivity instrument,and the detonation performance was predicted by EXPLO5.The results show that cocrystal 1 is a triclinic crystal system with a P1ˉspace group.Cocrystal 2 is an orthorhombic crystal system with a Pbca space group.The melting points of cocrystal 1 and cocrystal 2 are 113.2℃ and 147.2℃,respectively,which are 25.2℃and 53.7℃ higher than those of 3‑MNP and 4‑MNP,respectively,and the decomposition temperature is higher than that of CL‑20,which has better thermal stability,and the impact sensitivity of cocrystal 1 and cocrystal 2 is 20 J and 18 J,respectively,which effectively reduces the sensitivity of CL‑20(2.5 J).The theoretical detonation velocity is 8060 m·s^(-1)and 8643 m·s^(-1),and the theoretical detonation pressure is 26.16 GPa and 32.61 GPa,respectively,which are lower than those of CL‑20,and the cocrystal 2 sensitivity and detonation performance are comparable to those of LLM‑105(17 J,8560 m·s^(-1),34.99 GPa),which is expected to be used as a new high‑energy and low‑inductance cocrystal explosive.

关 键 词：六硝基六氮杂异伍兹烷(CL-20) 1-甲基-3-硝基吡唑(3-MNP) 1-甲基-4-硝基吡唑(4-MNP) CL-20/MNP共晶炸药 

分 类 号：TJ55[兵器科学与技术—军事化学与烟火技术] O62[理学—有机化学]