胺基化合物改性球形ADN的制备及性能  

Preparation and Properties of Modified Spherical ADN with Amine Compounds

作　　者：屈炜宸 晏嘉伟 夏文韬 李磊[1,2] 杜芳 吴鹏[1] 林昱辉 何健明 陶博文 QU Wei-chen;YAN Jia-wei;XIA Wen-tao;LI Lei;DU Fang;WU Peng;LIN Yu-hui;HE Jian-ming;TAOBo-wen(Hubei Institute of Aerospace Chemotechnology,Xiangyang 441003,China;National Key Laboratory of Aerospace Chemical Power,Xiangyang 441003,China)

机构地区：[1]湖北航天化学技术研究所,湖北襄阳441003 [2]航天化学能源全国重点实验室,湖北襄阳441003

出　　处：《含能材料》2025年第2期127-135,共9页Chinese Journal of Energetic Materials

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(22175059)。

摘　　要：为改善ADN的吸湿性,研究采用乳液法和液相法分别将疏水性胺基化合物油胺、4-氟苄胺接枝在球形ADN(PADN)表面制备改性球形ADN(PMADN-1和PMADN-2),通过扫描电子显微镜-能谱仪(SEM-EDS)、热重-差热分析(TG-DTA)、X射线光电子能谱(XPS)等对PADN,PMADN-1和PMADN-2的结构及性能进行了表征,并采用干燥器平衡法对其进行了吸湿性研究。结果表明,疏水性胺基化合物油胺、4-氟苄胺成功接枝于球形PADN,改性球形PMADN-1和PMADN-2的球形形貌未被破坏,热分解温度由ADN原料的196.3℃分别提升至198.3℃和200.7℃、撞击感度由17.95 J提升至24.35 J和28.80 J(平均值)。在25℃、57%RH下放置144 h后改性球形PMADN-1和PMADN-2的吸湿率为1.37%、1.07%,相较于ADN原料分别降低74.95%和80.44%,且无板结现象、表面无液态水出现,显示出优异的防吸湿性。Ammonium dinitramide(ADN),as a high‑energy green oxidizer,faces significant challenges in engineering applications within solid propellants due to its high surface polarity and strong hygroscopicity.To improve the hygroscopicity of ADN,both emulsion and liquid‑phase methods were employed to graft hydrophobic amine compounds,oleylamine and 4‑fluorobenzylamine,onto the surface of spherical ADN(PADN),thereby preparing the modified spherical ADN(PMADN).The structure and properties of the modified ADN were characterized using scanning electron microscopy‑energy dispersive spectroscopy(SEM‑EDS),thermogravimetric‑differential thermal analysis(TG‑DTA),and X‑ray photoelectron spectroscopy(XPS).Additionally,hygroscopicity studies were conducted using the desiccator equilibrium method.The results confirmed both amine com‑pounds were grafted successfully and the spherical morphology of the modified ADN was intact.The thermal decomposition tem‑perature of the modified ADN increased from 196.3℃(raw ADN)to 198.3℃and 200.7℃,and the impact sensitivity im‑proved from 17.95 J to 24.35 J and 28.80 J(average value),respectively.After 144 h under 25℃and 57%relative humidity,the moisture rates of the two modified spherical ADN were 1.37%and 1.07%,decreasing 74.95%and 80.44%compared to that of the raw ADN.Additionally,no caking or liquid water was observed on the surface,indicating the modified ADN had excellent anti‑hygroscopic properties.

关 键 词：二硝酰胺铵 固体推进剂 胺基化合物改性 氧化剂 吸湿性 

分 类 号：TJ55[兵器科学与技术—军事化学与烟火技术] O64[理学—物理化学]