基于多点阻抗的锂离子电池健康状态在线快速诊断方法  

An online rapid diagnosis method for lithium-ion battery’s state of health based on multi-point impedance

作　　者：于思琦 牟宪民[1] 陈希有[1] 范宪国 闫文倩 YU Siqi;MU Xianmin;CHEN Xiyou;FAN Xianguo;YAN Wenqian(School of Electrical Engineering,Dalian University of Technology,Dalian 116024,China;Shaanxi Jidian Energy Co.,Ltd.,Xi’an 710000,China)

机构地区：[1]大连理工大学电气工程学院,辽宁大连116024 [2]陕西吉电能源有限公司,陕西西安710000

出　　处：《电工电能新技术》2025年第2期116-128,共13页Advanced Technology of Electrical Engineering and Energy

摘　　要：随着锂离子电池的广泛使用,锂离子电池健康状态的快速诊断引起人们的广泛关注。针对传统的阻抗诊断方法在在线测量过程中存在受荷电状态(SOC)变化的影响,涉及计算复杂,获取阻抗信息少等问题,本文对不同荷电状态和不同健康状态(SOH)的锂离子电池进行电化学阻抗谱测试,通过弛豫时间分布方法(DRT)解耦锂电池中的复杂动力学过程,建立了更具物理解读性的等效电路模型。根据弛豫时间分布函数特征峰对SOC和SOH的依赖程度,筛选用于在线阻抗测量的三个特征频点。提出多点阻抗的SOH在线快速估计方法,可根据一次多特征频点叠加注入的在线特征阻抗测量数据推断电池的健康状态。通过实验验证该方法在在线电池特征参数测量和健康状态估算过程中具有良好的准确性以及实用性。With the widespread use of lithium-ion batteries,rapid diagnosis of the health state of lithium-ion batteries has attracted extensive attention.Aiming at the traditional impedance diagnostic methods,which are affected by the change of state of charge(SOC)during online measurement,involving complex calculations,and less impedance information obtained,this paper conducts electrochemical impedance spectroscopy on lithium-ion batteries with different states of charge(SOH)and different states of health(SOH)and establishes a more physically interpretable equivalent circuit model by decoupling the complex dynamics in lithium batteries through the distribution of relaxation time(DRT)method.Based on the dependence of the characteristic peaks of the relaxation time distribution function on the SOC and SOH,three characteristic frequency points are screened for online impedance measurements.A fast online SOH estimation method with multi-point impedance is proposed,which can infer the state of health of the battery based on the characteristic impedance measurement data injected by the superposition of multiple feature frequency points at a time.It is experimentally verified that the method has good accuracy and practicality in online battery characteristic parameter measurement and health state estimation.

关 键 词：锂离子电池 电化学阻抗谱 弛豫时间 等效电路模型 健康状态 电池诊断 

分 类 号：TM912[电气工程—电力电子与电力传动]