我国刑法增设轻罪的批判性考察  

A Critical Study on the Addition of Misdemeanors in China's Criminal Law

作　　者：胡宗金 Hu Zongjin

机构地区：[1]中国海洋大学

出　　处：《青少年犯罪问题》2025年第1期57-65,共9页Issues on Juvenile Crimes and Delinquency

基　　金：教育部人文社会科学研究青年基金项目“网络犯罪帮助行为的刑事制裁规范体系研究”(项目编号:21YJC820017);山东省博士后创新项目“网络时代新型侵财行为的刑法规制研究”(项目编号:202103007);青岛市博士后研究人员应用研究项目“刑法第13条但书规定的功能研究”(项目编号:262307)的阶段性成果。

摘　　要：从《刑法修正案(八)》到《刑法修正案(十二)》,我国刑法共增设了45个罪名,其中有23个轻罪,我国刑法修正呈现出轻罪化倾向。增设轻罪同时满足了“严而不厉”思想所主张的法网严密与刑罚不厉的要求,然而,“严而不厉”与我国惩罚二元制相冲突、与刑法的谦抑性相矛盾。在司法实践中,不适当的增设轻罪会导致司法实践的困惑,进而出现重罪轻判现象,同时,增设轻罪在客观上导致了刑事案件激增,加剧了刑事司法中案多人少的矛盾。避免增设轻罪不意味着反对轻刑化,轻刑化可以通过降低犯罪的法定刑予以实现。From the Eighth Amendment to the Criminal Law to the Twelfth Amendment to the Criminal Law,a total of 45 new charges have been added in China,including 23 misdemeanors.The revision of China's criminal law shows a tendency towards misdemeanors.The addition of misdemeanors meets the requirements advocated by the philosophy of"tight but not harsh"which calls for a dense legal net and lenient punishment.However,"tight but not harsh"conflicts with China's binary punishment system and the modesty of criminal law.In judicial practice,inappropriate addition of misdemeanors can lead to confusion in judicial practice,resulting in the phenomenon of leniency for serious crimes.At the same time,the addition of misdemeanorsobjectively leads to a surge in criminal cases,exacerbating the pressure of multiple cases and fewer people in criminal justice.Avoiding the addition of misdemeanors does not imply opposition to leniency in sentencing;it can be achieved by reducing the statutory penalties.

关 键 词：刑法修正 增设轻罪 严而不厉 重罪轻判 

分 类 号：D924.1[政治法律—刑法学]