印染废水闪蒸特性实验及影响分析  

Experimental study and impact analysis on flash evaporation characteristics of dyeing wastewater

作　　者：肖枫 叶楷 汤倩 吴安顺 郭伟康 陈龙祥 XIAO Feng;YE Kai;TANG Qian;WU Anshun;GUO Weikang;CHEN Longxiang(School of Advanced Manufacturing,Fuzhou University,Quanzhou,Fujian 362251,China;Quanzhou Institute of Equipment Manufacturing,Haixi Institutes,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Quanzhou,Fujian 362221,China;Fujian College,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences,Fuzhou,Fujian 350002,China;Fujian Hongshan Cogeneration Power Co.,Ltd.,Quanzhou,Fujian 362712,China)

机构地区：[1]福州大学先进制造学院,福建泉州362251 [2]中国科学院海西研究院泉州装备制造研究中心,福建泉州362221 [3]中国科学院大学福建学院,福建福州350002 [4]福建省鸿山热电有限责任公司,福建泉州362712

出　　处：《福州大学学报(自然科学版)》2025年第1期119-126,共8页Journal of Fuzhou University(Natural Science Edition)

基　　金：福建省科技厅科技计划资助项目(2021H0045);泉州市科技厅科技计划资助项目(2022C019R)。

摘　　要：为解决印染废水余热回收温差小、回收难度大等问题,开展针对印染废水的闪蒸特性实验研究.通过实验,分析入口结构和入口温度对闪蒸率的影响,并对再生蒸汽夹带液滴的问题进行分析.结果表明,在入口压强为0.5 MPa且入口温度从115℃升至140℃时,纯水闪蒸率提升2.72倍,质量分数为9%的氯化钠溶液闪蒸率提升2.84倍,氯化钠溶液的闪蒸率较纯水下降20%~30%.扇形喷嘴入口结构下的闪蒸率最高,其实验值与理论值最为接近,射流喷嘴入口结构下的实验值与理论值偏差最大.液位高度的提升有助于减少蒸汽在壁面的冷凝,从而提升闪蒸效率.实验还表明,入口质量流量越大,入口温度越高,再生蒸汽冷凝水的氯化钠质量浓度就越高,扇形喷嘴结构下再生蒸汽夹带液滴情况最严重.针对印染废水实际工况,通过闪蒸可以回收4.78%的蒸汽,从而达到节约水资源和减小污水排放量的效果.In order to solve the problems of small temperature difference and difficulty in recovering waste heat from dyeing wastewater,experimental research on characteristics of flash evaporation of dyeing wastewater was conducted.Through experiments,the influence of inlet structure and inlet temperature on evaporation rate was analyzed,and the problem of entrainment of liquid droplets by the regenerated steam was also analyzed.The results show that at 0.5 MPa,when the inlet temperature rises from 115 to 140℃,the flash evaporation rate of water increases by 2.72 times,and the flash rate of 9%saline solution increased by a factor of 2.84,while the flash rate of saline solution decreased by 20%to 30%compared to pure water.The fan-shaped nozzle inlet structure,has the highest flash evaporation rate and its experimental value is closest to the theoretical value conversely,under the jet nozzle inlet structure,there is a significant deviation between the experimental and theoretical values.The increase of liquid level helps reduce condensation of steam on the wall surface,thereby improving the flash evaporation efficiency.The experiments demonstrate that with increasing inlet mass flow rate and inlet temperature,the mass concentration of sodium chloride in the condensate of the regeneration steam increases accordingly.Additionally,the most severe entrainment of liquid droplets by regeneration steam occurs with the fan-shaped nozzle structure.In response to the actual conditions of a certain dyeing wastewater,4.78%of steam can be recovered through flash evaporation,thus achieving the effect of saving water resources and reducing the quantity of wastewater.

关 键 词：闪蒸特性 印染废水 低温工业余热 

分 类 号：TU993[建筑科学—市政工程]