稗草种质资源形态性状遗传多样性分析  

Genetic Diversity Analysis of Morphological Traits of Echinochloa Germplasm Resources

作　　者：聂豪杰 程云龙 包玉国 朱林[1,2] NIE Hao-jie;CHENG Yun-long;BAO Yu-guo;ZHU Lin(College of Ecology and Environmental Sciences Ningxia University,Yinchuan,Ningxia 750021,China;College of Forestry and Pratacul-ture Ningxia University,Yinchuan,Ningxia 750021,China)

机构地区：[1]宁夏大学生态环境学院,宁夏银川750021 [2]宁夏大学林业与草业学院,宁夏银川750021

出　　处：《草地学报》2025年第2期457-464,共8页Acta Agrestia Sinica

基　　金：宁夏回族自治区重点研发计划项目(2022BEG02012);宁夏自然科学基金项目(2022AAC03086)资助。

摘　　要：对14份稗草(Echinochloa)种质资源的21项形态性状进行调查观测,并进行相关性、主成分和聚类分析,探究其形态性状遗传多样性,为稗草遗传育种研究提供理论依据。结果表明:14份稗草材料形态性状的遗传多样性较丰富,质量性状和数量性状的遗传多样性指数变化范围分别为0.26~0.99和1.48~1.97,变异系数介于6.01%~24.59%之间;相关性分析显示,叶长与总状花序长度、圆锥花序长度与总状花序长度呈极显著正相关(P<0.01),叶长与圆锥花序长度、小穗长度,叶宽与第一颖长/小穗长度、茎粗和株高呈显著正相关(P<0.05);主成分分析表明,前4个主成分可以反映形态性状86.63%的信息,鉴选出综合得分(F值)≥1.538的资源材料3份;在欧式距离20.0可将14份稗草资源划分为3个类群。综上所述,稗草种质资源存在丰富的形态变异,其中总状花序长度、圆锥花序长度、叶长和株高4个性状变异系数较大,筛选出的3份材料(J、A和M)可进一步进行遗传改良和驯化栽培。Twenty one morphological traits of 14 Echinochloa germplasm resources were investigated and observed,correlation,principal component and cluster analyses were conducted to explore the genetic diversity of the morphological traits,to provide theoretical basis for the genetic breeding research of Echinochloa.The results showed that the 14 Echinochloa materials had rich genetic diversity in morphological traits,and genetic diversity indexes of qualitative and quantitative traits varied in the range of 0.26-0.99 and 1.48-1.97,respec⁃tively,with a coefficient of variation ranging from 6.01%to 24.59%.Correlation analysis indicated there was a highly significant positive correlation(P<0.01)between leaf length wiht racemes length,panicle length and racemes length,and a significant positive correlation(P<0.05)between leaf length with panicle length,spike⁃let length,leaf width,the first glume length/spikelet length,stem thickness and plant height.The principal com⁃ponent analysis showed that the first 4 principal components could reflect 86.63%of the information of about the morphological traits,and three resource materials with a composite score(F-value)≥1.538 were identi⁃fied.The 14 Echinochloa resources could be classified into three groups at the euclidean distance of 20.0.In summary,the barnyard grass germplasm resources have abundant morphological variation,among which the coefficients of variation for four traits,including raceme length,panicle length,leaf length and plant height are larger,and three materials(J,A and M)screened can be further genetically improved and domesticated for culti⁃vation.

关 键 词：稗草 数量性状 质量性状 遗传多样性 

分 类 号：S812[农业科学—草业科学]