施肥处理对种植饲料桑改良稀土尾矿土壤理化性质的影响  

The Effects of Fertilization Treatments on the Physical and Chemical Properties of Rare Earth Tailings Soil after Planting Forage Mulberry

作　　者：陈荣强 欧翔 邱静芸 张强 连海 谢华亮 黄际发 徐树明 雷小文 CHEN Rong-qiang;OU Xiang;QIU Jing-yun;ZHANG Qiang;LIAN Hai;XIE Hua-liang;HUANG Ji-fa;XU Shu-ming;LEI Xiao-wen(Ganzhou Animal Husbandry and Fisheries Research Institute,Ganzhou,Jiangxi Province 341401,China;Bureau of Agricultural and Rural Affairs of Dingnan County,Ganzhou,Jiangxi Province 341900,China)

机构地区：[1]赣州市畜牧水产研究所,江西赣州341401 [2]定南县农业农村局,江西赣州341900

出　　处：《草地学报》2025年第2期556-565,共10页Acta Agrestia Sinica

基　　金：中央引导地方科技发展项目(20221ZDF03017);江西省高层次高技能领军人才培养工程人选项目(赣人社发〔2022〕34号);赣州市科技计划项目(赣市科发〔2023〕44号);赣州市科技计划项目(2022B-SF9700)资助。

摘　　要：为探究不同施肥处理对种植饲料桑(Morus alba L.)改良稀土尾矿土壤理化性质的影响,设置CK(对照组:化肥)、T_(1)(牛沼液)、T_(2)(腐熟牛粪)、T_(3)(腐熟牛粪+牛沼液)、T_(4)(蚯蚓粪)、T_(5)(蚯蚓粪+牛沼液)6种施肥处理,连续施肥3年测定0~20 cm表层土壤的理化性质及重金属含量。结果表明:在土壤修复第3年,相比于CK,T_(2),T_(3),T_(4),T_(5)处理的土壤容重显著降低(P<0.05),有机质、全氮、碱解氮、全磷、有效磷、速效钾含量以及土壤孔隙度、最大持水量显著增加(P<0.05),T_(1),T_(2),T_(3),T_(4),T_(5)处理的pH值显著提高(P<0.05);各处理镉、汞、砷、铬、铅、铜、锌重金属单项污染指数均低于1,内梅罗综合污染指数均低于0.7;各处理综合肥力指数和模糊数学隶属函数平均值大小排序均为T_(5)>T_(4)>T_(3)>T_(2)>T_(1)>CK。综上,T_(5)处理在改良稀土尾矿土壤理化性质方面效果最佳。To investigate the effects of different fertilization treatments on the physical and chemical properties of rare earth tailings soil after planting forage mulberry,six fertilization treatments were set up:CK(Control group:Chemical fertilizer),T_(1)(Cattle biogas slurry),T_(2)(Decomposed cattle dung),T_(3)(Decomposed cattle dung+cattle biogas slurry),T_(4)(Vermicompost),T_(5)(Vermicompost+cattle biogas slurry).The physical and chemical properties and heavy metal contents of 0-20 cm surface soil were measured after continuous fertil⁃ization for 3 years.The results showed that in the third year of soil remediation,the soil bulk density of T_(2),T_(3),T_(4)and T_(5)treatments were decreased significantly compared to CK(P<0.05).The soil porosity,maximum water holding capacity,organic matter,total nitrogen,alkali-hydrolyzable nitrogen,total phosphorus,avail⁃able phosphorus and available potassium content of T_(2),T_(3),T_(4)and T_(5)treatments were increased significantly(P<0.05).The pH of T_(1),T_(2),T_(3),T_(4)and T_(5)treatments was significantly increased(P<0.05).The single pollution index of cadmium,mercury,arsenic,chromium,lead,copper and zinc in each group was lower than 1,and the Nemerow comprehensive pollution index in each group was lower than 0.7.The order of comprehen⁃sive fertility index and average value of membership function of fuzzy mathematics of each group was T_(5)>T_(4)>T_(3)>T_(2)>T_(1)>CK.In summary,the T_(5)treatment had the best effect in improving the physical and chemical properties of rare earth tailings soil.

关 键 词：稀土尾矿 饲料桑 土壤理化性质 蚯蚓粪 腐熟牛粪 牛沼液 重金属 

分 类 号：S156[农业科学—土壤学]