UFLPA产品禁令下中国企业的救济困境与诉讼策略  

Remedial Challenges and Litigation Strategies of Chinese Enterprises under the UFLPA Product Ban

作　　者：王鑫 徐振毅 WANG Xin;XU Zhenyi(Beijing JingYue Law Firm,Beijing 100082,China;School of Law,Beijing Normal University,Beijing 100875,China)

机构地区：[1]北京市京悦律师事务所,北京100082 [2]北京师范大学法学院,北京100875

出　　处：《对外经贸实务》2025年第1期93-101,共9页Practice in Foreign Economic Relations and Trade

摘　　要：近年来,美国以所谓的“强迫劳动”为由大规模针对中国产品实施贸易制裁,禁止原产地为中国新疆的产品进口到美国境内。此举对新疆优势产品的出口造成了较大的影响。在此背景下,《中华人民共和国反外国制裁法》对美国实体的反制措施、世界贸易组织争端解决机制的运用、企业自身的尽职调查以及行政救济路径均未有效阻止美国禁令的实施以及对企业所受损失进行救济。现有的救济路径中,通过美国法院进行司法诉讼具有阻断美国制裁措施实施的功能。在美国强迫劳动产品禁令的背景下,涉事企业可借鉴中国科技企业与美国政府的对抗经验,采取诉讼策略对抗美国的歧视性立法措施。具体而言,企业可拓宽诉讼主体,通过集体诉讼对美国强迫劳动产品禁令所违反的正当程序、平等保护等宪法条款进行起诉,挑战美国禁令措施的法律根基。In recent years,the United States has imposed extensive trade sanctions against Chinese products,citing alleged"forced labor"concerns,and has prohibited the import of goods originating from Xinjiang,China.This has significantly impacted the export of Xinjiang's advantageous products.In this context,the countermeasures against U.S.entities under the"Anti-Foreign Sanctions Law",the use of World Trade Organization dispute settlement mechanisms,companies'own due diligence,and administrative remedies have all proven ineffective in halting the enforcement of U.S.bans or providing relief for affected enterprises.Among the available remedial approaches,judicial litigation through the U.S.courts offers a means to impede the implementation of U.S.sanctions.In the context of forced labor product bans,the companies involved may draw on the experience of Chinese technology firms in opposing U.S.government actions and adopt litigation strategies to counter the U.S.discriminatory legislative measures.Specifically,companies may expand the scope of plaintiffs and initiate class action lawsuits to challenge the U.S.forced labor product bans on grounds of violations of constitutional clauses,such as due process and equal protection,thereby contesting the legal basis of these U.S.bans.

关 键 词：强迫劳动 涉疆制裁 产品禁令 司法诉讼 

分 类 号：D996[政治法律—经济法学]