基于电场反演的自供能型线路电压高精度测量技术研究  

Research on Self-powered High Precision Voltage Measurement Technology for the Power Lines Based on the Inversion of Electric Field

作　　者：许晨进 王维 汪鹤[1] 季振亚 任翰林 段名荣 胡敏强[2] XU Chenjin;WANG Wei;WANG He;JI Zhenya;REN Hanlin;DUAN Mingrong;HU Minqiang(State Key Laboratory of Technology and Equipment for Defense against Power System Operational Risks(Nari Technology Co.,Ltd.),Nanjing 211106,Jiangsu Province,China;NARI School of Electrical and Automation Engineering,Nanjing Normal University,Nanjing 210046,Jiangsu Province,China)

机构地区：[1]电网运行风险防御技术与装备全国重点实验室(国电南瑞科技股份有限公司),江苏省南京市211106 [2]南京师范大学南瑞电气与自动化学院,江苏省南京市210046

出　　处：《中国电机工程学报》2025年第3期846-857,I0004,共13页PROCEEDINGS OF THE CHINESE SOCIETY FOR ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING

基　　金：智能电网保护和运行控制国家重点实验室开放课题研究项目(SGNR0000KJJS2302142);国家自然科学基金项目(51807095);江苏省高等学校自然科学基金(面上项目)(22KJB470021)。

摘　　要：电网电压波动是威胁电力设备安全稳定运行的重要因素之一,电力系统中传统电压测量装置存在绝缘要求高、装置体积大、制造成本高、无可靠外接电源和需停电安装等问题。针对上述问题,该文提出一种基于电场反演的高压线路电压感知技术,通过监测电容电压抬升时间实现线路电压逆问题求解。首先,介绍自供能型线路电压逆问题求解原理;其次,对自供能型线路电压测量结构进行仿真论证及测量精度分析;最后,该文提出电容充电时间数据高精度捕获、信号处理与传输等多目标综合实现的超低功耗能量控制策略,并搭建试验平台验证电压反演测量精度。实验结果表明:超低功耗能量控制模式下的电容充电时间监测精度控制在0.5%之内,电压测量精度控制在0.86%之内,结合线路电压逆问题求解策略能够有效实现线路电压的去电池化高精度感知与无线通信传输功能。Voltage fluctuations in the power grid are one of the important factors affecting the safe and stable operation of the power lines and substations.However,traditional voltage measurement technologies in the power system have problems such as high insulation requirements,large volume,high manufacturing costs,lacking of reliable external power sources,and the need for power outage installation.In response to the above problems,this paper proposes a power line voltage sensing technology based on electric field inversion.By monitoring the rise time of capacitor voltage,the inverse problem of the power line voltage is obtained.First of all,the self-powered measurement principle of inverse problem of power line voltage is introduced.Then,the self-powered voltage measurement structure and the measurement accuracy are analyzed by simulation.Finally,the ultra-low power energy control strategy is proposed,which achieves high-precision acquisition,signal processing,and the transmission of capacitor charging time data.Meanwhile,the test platform is built to verify the measurement accuracy.The results show that under the ultra-low power consumption energy control strategy,the monitoring accuracy of capacitor charging time is within 0.5%,and the voltage measurement accuracy is within 0.86%.Combined with the above-mentioned strategy,it can effectively achieve high precision sensing and wireless communication transmission of line voltage without battery.

关 键 词：线路电压测量 电场反演 自供能 超低功耗 能量控制 

分 类 号：TM93[电气工程—电力电子与电力传动]