硅灰石-硅酸钠-生物炭复合材料对酸性黄壤的改良研究  

Improvement of Acidic Yellow Soil by Wollastonite-sodium Silicatebiochar Composites

作　　者：张传峰 朱霞萍[1] 钟佳祺 朱梓玲 赵平 任维 ZHANG Chuanfeng;ZHU Xiaping;ZHONG Jiaqi;ZHU Ziling;ZHAO Ping;REN Wei(College of Materials and Chemistry and Chemical Engineering,Chengdu University of Technology,Chengdu 610059,Sichuan,China;105 Geological Brigade,Guizhou Bureau of Geology&Mineral Exploration&Development,Guiyang 550018,Guizhou,China)

机构地区：[1]成都理工大学材料与化学化工学院,四川成都610059 [2]贵州省地质矿产勘查开发局105地质大队,贵州贵阳550018

出　　处：《矿产综合利用》2025年第1期95-102,共8页Multipurpose Utilization of Mineral Resources

基　　金：贵州省地质矿产勘查开发局科研项目(No [2019]35)。

摘　　要：以硅灰石为基体材料,添加一定量的油菜秸秆与硅酸钠,高温煅烧制备硅灰石-硅酸钠-生物炭的复合材料(Ca-Si-C),并应用于酸性黄壤的改良。复合材料的较佳制备条件为硅灰石∶油菜杆∶硅酸钠的质量比为7∶1∶2、在600℃马弗炉煅烧1.5 h。XRD、IR、SEM表征结果表明,Ca-Si-C复合材料表面负载有生物炭,孔隙多,且含较多的-OH、C≡C、-COOH、C-O等官能团。施加2%的Ca-Si-C到pH值为4.7的黄壤,相比于对照,土壤的初始pH值增加1.4个单位;酸害容量增加了11.5 mmol/kg;土壤中钠、钾的溶出量增大;钙、镁、铝的溶出量降低;土壤酸缓冲曲线与铝离子溶出曲线交点由pH值3.5增大至4.1。Ca-Si-C应用于酸性土壤改良,具有良好的应用前景。Wollastonite-sodium silicate-biochar composite material(Ca-Si-C)was prepared by calcination with wollastonite as the matrix material and adding a certain amount of rape straw and sodium silicate.And then the Ca-Si-C was applied to the improvement of acidic yellow soil.The optimum preparation conditions of the composite materials is as follows∶the mass ratio of wollastonite,rape rod,sodium silicate is 7∶1∶2,the mixture calcines in 600℃and muffle furnace for 1.5 h.The results of XRD,IR and SEM show that Ca-Si-C composite loaded with biochar has more surface pores and contains functional groups such as-OH,C≡C,-COOH and C-O.When 2%Ca-Si-C is applied to yellow soil with pH value 4.7,the initial pH value of the soil increases by 1.4 units compared with the control,and the acid damage capacity increases by 11.5 mmol/kg,the dissolution of sodium and potassium in soil increases,the dissolution of calcium,magnesium and aluminum decreases,the intersection point of soil acid buffer curve and aluminum ion dissolution curve increases from pH value 3.5 to 4.1.The Ca-Si-C has a good application prospect in acid soil improvement.

关 键 词：硅灰石 酸性土壤 酸害容量 盐基离子 土壤改良 

分 类 号：TD98[矿业工程—选矿]