女子排球运动员下肢力量不对称性与扣球起跳高度间的相关性研究  

The Relationship between Asymmetries of strength on Lower Limb and Height of Spike Jump in Female Volleyball Players

作　　者：王先驰 WANG Xian-chi(Department of Public Physical and Art Education,Zhejiang University,Hangzhou 310058,China)

机构地区：[1]浙江大学公共体育与艺术部,浙江杭州310058

出　　处：《浙江体育科学》2025年第2期106-112,共7页Zhejiang Sport Science

摘　　要：目的:探讨女子排球运动员下肢力量不对称性与扣球起跳高度间的关系,找出影响扣球起跳高度的相关性要素,为科学提升运动员起跳扣球运动表现提供一定理论依据和实际参考。方法:选取省队以上专业女子排球运动员26名作为研究的受试者,测量其单、双侧肢下蹲跳和反弹跳能力以及扣球起跳高度等下肢爆发力数据指标,采用皮尔森相关分析计算出下蹲跳(Countermovement Jump,CMJ)和反弹跳(Rebound Jump,RJ)测试中两侧肢体的功能不对称性(Functional Asymmetry)与不同助跑步数的扣球起跳高度间的相关性。结果:①CMJ和RJ测试中,跳跃高度不对称率分别为12.74%±10.20%和14.87%±14.50%,但CMJ测试中不对称率最高的指标为最大RFD值,RJ测试中不对称最高的指标为最大反应力量系数,数值分别为37.64%±11.52%和22.29%±22.46%;②单侧RJ测试中,强侧肢最大下肢刚度和最大峰值力均显著大于弱侧肢(P<0.05);③RJ测试中RJ跳跃高度、最大下肢刚度的不对称率与SPJ1-H和SPJ3-H均存在显著性负相关(P<0.05)。结论:女子排球运动员下蹲跳和反弹跳测试中存在肢体间的不对称,且两种跳跃类型所测得的肢体间不对称具有相对独立性;反弹跳测试跳跃高度和最大下肢刚度不对称率增加会导致起跳扣球高度的降低。Objective:To explore the relationship between asymmetries of strength on Lower Limb and height of spike jump in undergraduate female volleyball players,find out the relevant factors that affect the height of spike jump,it provides theoretical basis and practical reference for scientific improvement of sport performance on spike.Methods:18~22 years female volleyball players from universities were selected.all subject underwent the spike jump(SPJ)with 1-step and 3step approach.Meanwhile,Corcorrelation between the functional asymmetry in countermovement jump(CMJ)and rebound jump(RJ)and height of spike jump for various approach run step.Person correlation analysis was used to calculate the relationship of SPJ1 and SPJ3 jump height to the functional asymmetry of countermovement jump(CMJ)and rebound jump(RJ)test.Results:①In the CMJ and RJ tests,the rate of jump height asymmetry was 12.74%±10.20%and 14.87%±14.50%,respectively.However,the highest asymmetry rate in the CMJ test is the maximum RFD value,and the highest asymmetry in the RJ test is the maximum reaction force coefficient,The values were 37.64±11.52%and 22.29±22.46%;②In the unilateral RJ test,both the maximum stiffness of lower limb and the maximum peak force of the strong lateral limb were significantly greater than those of the weak lateral limb(P<0.05);③The asymmetry rate of RJ jump height and maximum lower limb stiffness in the RJ test was significantly negatively correlation to SPJ1-H and SPJ3-H(P<0.05).Conclusion:There is interlimb asymmetry in the CMJ and RJ tests,and the interlimb asymmetry measured by the two jump types has relative independence;asymmetry rate was increased of jump height and maximum lower limb stiffness in RJ tests could cause a decrease in jump spike height.

关 键 词：女子排球运动员 纵跳 肢体间不对称性 扣球起跳高度 

分 类 号：G842[文化科学—体育训练]