国家级大数据综合试验区设立提升了企业全要素生产率吗?  

Has the National Comprehensive Big Data Experimental Zone Improved the Total Factor Productivity of Enterprises?

作　　者：万宇佳 饶邦韬 国胜铁 WAN Yujia;RAO Bangtao;GUO Shengtie(Business School,Shanghai Dianji University,Shanghai 200120,China;College of Arts and Sciences,University of Pennsylvania,United States,19104;Institute of Finance,Shanghai Business School,Shanghai 200235,China)

机构地区：[1]上海电机学院商学院,上海200120 [2]宾夕法尼亚大学文理学院,美国19104 [3]上海商学院财务金融研究所,上海200235

出　　处：《商业研究》2025年第1期67-78,共12页Commercial Research

基　　金：国家社会科学基金项目“全球价值链视角下国际产业转移的路径与经济影响研究”,项目编号23BJL085。

摘　　要：大数据与实体经济融合对于实现经济高质量发展、增强企业竞争力具有重要意义。本文利用2011—2019年上市企业微观数据,将“国家级大数据综合试验区”设立作为大数据发展的准自然实验,采用多期差分法考察大数据发展对企业全要素生产率的影响及其作用机制。研究发现:国家级大数据综合试验区的设立显著提升企业全要素生产率,且其正向促进效应随着政策实施时间逐渐增强。机制检验发现,在微观层面上,国家级大数据综合试验区建设通过企业数字化转型效应、投资增加效应和融资约束缓解效应等渠道推动企业全要素生产率提升,在宏观层面上,国家级大数据综合试验区建设通过优秀人才集聚效应和城市创新创业水平提升效应等渠道提升企业全要素生产率。异质性检验结果发现,国家级大数据综合试验区对企业全要素生产率的促进作用对位于市场化程度更高地区的企业、东部地区企业、成长性高的企业以及民营企业更为明显。The integration of big data and real economy is important for achieving high-quality economic development and enhancing the enterprise competitiveness.Based on the micro-data of listed enterprises from 2011 to 2019,we take the establishment of“National Comprehensive Big Data Experimental Zone”as a quasi-natural experiment,and adopts the multi-period difference method to explore the impact of big data development on total factor productivity and its mechanism.The findings are as follows:The pilot zone significantly improves the TFP,and its positive promoting effect gradually increases with the implementation time of the policy.Mechanism test finds that,at the micro level,the pilot zone improves TFP through the effect of enterprise digital transformation,investment increase and financing constraint relief,and other channels.At the macro level,the pilot zone will improve the TFP through the agglomeration effect of excellent talents and the improvement effect of urban innovation level.Heterogeneity test results show that the promotion effect of the polit area on TFP is more obvious for enterprises located in more market-oriented regions,enterprises in eastern regions,enterprises with high growth potential and private enterprises.

关 键 词：大数据 国家级大数据综合试验区 全要素生产率 

分 类 号：F49[经济管理—产业经济] F279.2