中国共产党成立初期党内监督制度建设论析  

Analysis of the construction of intra-Party supervision systemin the early days of the Communist Party of China

作　　者：于学强 王慧芳 YU Xueqiang;WANG Huifang(School of Politics and Public Administration,Liaocheng University,Liaocheng 252059,China)

机构地区：[1]聊城大学政治与公共管理学院,山东聊城252059

出　　处：《重庆邮电大学学报(社会科学版)》2025年第1期25-32,共8页Journal of Chongqing University of Posts and Telecommunications(Social Science Edition)

基　　金：国家社科基金项目:中国共产党党内监督制度体系及其运行研究(21BDJ012);山东省社科规划重点项目:党内巡视百年历程、嬗变机理与基本经验(21BDCJ01);山东省研究生优质课程“中共党史专题”(SDYKC19060)

摘　　要：从中共一大党纲首提“监督”到第一次国共合作时期,是中国共产党党内监督发展的起始阶段。这一时期,基于对形势的认知分析、政党的自我定位和共产国际与俄共(布)的影响,党内监督制度带有一定的零散性,在呈现单一化、任务型与集中性特点的同时,也约略呈现体系化发展态势。此时期党内监督格外关注纪律建设以保证党的统一性,同时强调发扬自我批评精神和实行党内民主监督,在上下级党组织方面,强调下级服从上级;在党组织与普通党员方面,强调党组织对党员的规约性;在党组织与党员干部方面,强调党组织监督的重要性和相关程序。中国共产党成立初期党内监督制度建设开启了相关制度建构之先河,配合了党的历史任务并推动了革命发展,具有重要启示意义。首先,党内监督必须着眼于巩固和加强党的领导,确保党中央决策部署贯彻落实到位;其次,党内监督制度建设必须走法治化道路,以全面从严治党带动全面依法治国,实现党内监督与国家监督贯通、党内法规与国家法律对接;最后,党内监督必须发扬自我革命精神,创新方式方法,不断强化对各级领导干部的监督,实现监督工作常态化、制度化。From the initial inclusion of“supervision”in the Party Constitution at the First National Congress of the Communist Party of China(CPC)to the period of the First United Front between the CPC and the Kuomintang,the early days of intra-Party supervision development marked a foundational stage.During this period,based on an analysis of the prevailing circumstances,the Party’s self-positioning,and influences from the Communist International and the Russian Communist Party(Bolsheviks),the intra-Party supervision system exhibited a degree of fragmentation.While characterized by singularity,task orientation,and centralization,it also showed embryonic signs of systemic development.In this stage,intra-Party supervision focused particularly on strengthening discipline to ensure Party unity,promoting a spirit of self-criticism,and implementing intra-Party democratic supervision.Regarding the relationship between higher and lower-level Party organizations,emphasis was placed on the subordination of lower levels to higher levels;between Party organizations and ordinary members,the regulatory role of Party organizations was stressed;and between Party organizations and Party cadres,the importance of organizational supervision and related procedures was highlighted.The construction of the intra-Party supervision system in the early days of the CPC pioneered relevant institutional frameworks,supported the Party’s historical missions,and propelled revolutionary progress,providing valuable insights.First,intra-Party supervision must focus on consolidating and enhancing Party leadership,ensuring the implementation of decisions and policies by the Central Committee.Second,building the intra-Party supervision system must follow the rule of law,leveraging comprehensive and strict Party governance to promote comprehensive law-based governance,aligning intra-Party supervision with state supervision and integrating Party regulations with state laws.Finally,intra-Party supervision must embody the spirit of self-revolution,innovate

关 键 词：中国共产党 党内监督 党的建设 自我革命 制度建设 

分 类 号：D261[政治法律—政治学]