墨兰种质资源表型性状多样性研究  

Research on Phenotypic Traits Diversity of Cymbidium sinense Germplasms

作　　者：赵旻骏 吴鹏程 朱尾银 徐建球[1] 杨志 林佳佳 ZHAO Minjun;WU Pengcheng;ZHU Weiyin;XU Jianqiu;YANG Zhi;LIN Jiajia(Fujian Forestry Science and Technology Test Center,Zhangzhou,Fujian 363600)

机构地区：[1]福建省林业科技试验中心,福建漳州363600

出　　处：《北方园艺》2025年第4期1-7,共7页Northern Horticulture

基　　金：福建省种业创新与产业化工程(2021—2025年)林业资助项目(ZYCX-LY-202102)。

摘　　要：以34份墨兰种质资源为试材,采用表型性状遗传多样性分析方法,研究了25个表型性状的多样性,以期为墨兰种质资源的科学管理与保护和墨兰育种工作提供参考依据。结果表明:数量性状变异系数(CV)介于15.03%~37.05%,表明其变异程度较大。同时,各种质的数量性状Shannon-Wiener指数(I)均超过1,证实数量性状多样性处于较高水平。在质量性状方面,CV波动在25.23%~89.06%,同样显示出较大的变异程度。此外,质量性状的I指数范围在3.386~3.726,显示质量性状多样性同样显著。质量性状的辛普森指数(D)位于0.960~0.982,接近1,表明种质的质量性状分布均衡,多样性程度较高。通过主成分分析,共识别出8个主成分,其累积贡献率达80.141%,其中花部位数量性状占较大权重,成为墨兰主要表型性状指标。聚类分析基于欧氏距离,将种质资源划分为四大群体,其表型性状特征主要集中于数量性状,尤其是花部位数量性状,这与主成分分析结果相吻合。Taking 34 germplasm resources of Cymbidium sinense as the test materials,the genetic diversity of 25 phenotypic traits was studied by using the method of genetic diversity analysis of phenotypic traits,in order to provide reference for the scientific management and protection of Cymbidium sinense germplasm resources and Cymbidium sinense breeding.The results showed that the coefficient of variation(CV)for quantitative traits ranged was 15.03%-37.05%,indicated a high level of variability.Moreover,the Shannon-Wiener index(I)for quantitative traits in all germplasms exceeded 1,confirmed a high level of diversity in these traits.For qualitative traits,the CV fluctuated between 25.23%and 89.06%,also showed substantial variability.Additionally,the I index for qualitative traits was within the range of 3.386-3.726,demonstrated significant diversity in these traits as well.The Simpson index(D)for qualitative traits was between 0.960 and 0.982,approaching 1,suggested a balanced distribution and the high degree of diversity in the qualitative traits.The principal component analysis identified 8 principal components with a cumulative contribution rate of 80.141%.Among them,the quantitative traits of floral parts carried a large weight,became the primary indicators of Cymbidium sinense phenotypic traits.The cluster analysis based on Euclidean distance divided the germplasm resources into four groups,with phenotypic trait characteristics mainly focused on quantitative traits,particularly those related to floral parts,which aligned with the results of the principal component analysis.

关 键 词：墨兰 数量性状 质量性状 主成分分析 聚类分析 

分 类 号：S682.31[农业科学—观赏园艺]