辣椒苗期耐低钾种质筛选及评价体系的构建  

Establishment of Low Potassium Tolerance Germplasm Screening and Evaluation System of Pepper Seedling

作　　者：郭佳雪 龙慧君 黄宇[1] 欧立军 GUO Jiaxue;LONG Huijun;HUANG Yu;OU Lijun(College of Horticulture,Hunan Agricultural University/Key Laboratory for Vegetable Biology of Hunan Province,Changsha,Hunan 410128)

机构地区：[1]湖南农业大学园艺学院,蔬菜生物学湖南省重点实验室,湖南长沙410128

出　　处：《北方园艺》2025年第4期24-30,共7页Northern Horticulture

基　　金：国家特色蔬菜产业技术体系岗位专家资金资助项目(CARS-24-A-05)。

摘　　要：以在钾肥贫瘠土壤中植株表现明显差异的9份辣椒种质为试材,采用水培方法,研究了正常钾和低钾胁迫下辣椒种质各项农艺性状的差异,以期为耐低钾型辣椒品种选育提供参考依据。结果表明:低钾条件下的辣椒植株生长受阻、茎秆细弱植株矮小;不同种质在低钾胁迫下表型存在较大差异,B362具有相对较高的株高和生物量,B323表现出生长受阻、植株矮化的现象,且在0.02 mmol·L^(-1)钾浓度下差异明显;利用方差、变异系数、相关系数、主成分和隶属函数对多指标变量进行分析,认为地上部鲜质量、地下部干质量、株高、根冠比可作为耐低钾能力的评价指标。综上,0.02 mmol·L^(-1)是筛选辣椒耐低钾种质的适宜浓度;B362可以作为选育耐低钾品种的亲本;地上部鲜质量、地下部干质量、株高、根冠比等性状构建的耐低钾种质评价标准可作为辣椒苗期耐低钾能力的评价指标体系。Taking nine germplasm of capsicum which showed obvious difference in plant performance in potassium-poor soil as the test materials,the differences in various agronomic traits of pepper germplasm under normal and low potassium stress conditions using a hydroponic method were studied,in order to provide reference for breeding of low potassium tolerant pepper varieties.The results showed that under the condition of low potassium,the plant growth was hindered,the stem was thin and the plant was short.The phenotypes of different germplasm were different under low potassium stress.B362 had relatively high plant height and biomass,while B323 showed stunted growth and stunted plant,and the difference was obvious at 0.02 mmol·L^(-1)potassium concentration.Variance,coefficient of variation,correlation coefficient,principal component and membership function were used to analyze the multiple index variables,and the aboveground fresh weight,underground dry weight,plant height and root-shoot ratio could be used as evaluation indexes of low potassium tolerance.In summary,0.02 mmol·L^(-1)was the appropriate concentration for screening low potassium tolerant germplasm of pepper.B362 could be used as the parent of low potassium tolerance varieties.The evaluation criteria of low potassium tolerance in pepper seedling were constructed with aboveground fresh weight,underground dry weight,plant height and root-shoot ratio.

关 键 词：辣椒 耐低钾 种质筛选 综合评价 

分 类 号：S641.3[农业科学—蔬菜学]