不同温度对芹菜种子萌发的影响及促萌机理探究  

Effects of Different Temperature on Germination of Celery Seeds and Mechanism of Promoting Germination

作　　者：阎君 梁荣 黄志午 孟恒宇 何莉芳 朱为民 YAN Jun;LIANG Rong;HUANG Zhiwu;MENG Hengyu;HE Lifang;ZHU Weimin(Horticultural Research Institute,Shanghai Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Shanghai 201403;Agricultural and Rural Service Center of Maogang Town,Songjiang District,Shanghai 201607)

机构地区：[1]上海农业科学院设施园艺研究所,上海201403 [2]上海市松江区泖港镇农业农村服务中心,上海201607

出　　处：《北方园艺》2025年第4期31-37,共7页Northern Horticulture

基　　金：上海市科委农业领域资助项目(23N71900200);上海市农业科技创新项目技术攻关资助项目(2023-02-08-00-12-F04620)。

摘　　要：以“上海黄心芹”为试材,设置5、10、15、20、25、30、35℃共7个温度处理,研究了不同温度处理下芹菜种子萌发过程中形态变化、生理变化和相关激素代谢基因的变化,以期为探究温度影响芹菜种子形态休眠的促萌机理提供参考依据。结果表明:20℃能显著促进芹菜种子萌发,萌发率达88%,发芽指数显著大于其他温度;5、10℃和35℃在相同时间内没有种子萌发。20℃能显著促进萌发期内芹菜种子胚的生长,萌发日胚∶种子比例达0.72。20℃提高了种子的抗氧化能力,并促进了萌发第1天赤霉素(GA)合成基因和脱落酸(ABA)降解基因的表达,推测可能在短时间内合成了较多的GA。25℃尽管多个指标与20℃相似,但最终萌发率仅有60%。研究还发现5℃缓慢促进种子胚生长,第10天胚∶种子为0.63,但35℃明显延缓了胚的生长,并且35℃可能通过抑制GA合成基因和ABA降解基因的表达使芹菜种子发生热休眠。说明20℃是芹菜种子发芽的最佳温度,低温延缓种子发芽,而高温会引发种子热休眠。Taking‘Shanghai Huang Yellow Heart’as the experimental material,and 7 temperature treatments included 5,10,15,20,25,30℃and 35℃were set to study the morphological changes,physiological changes,and related hormone metabolism genes during celery seed germination under different temperature treatments,in order to provide reference for exploring explore the mechanism of temperature affecting celery seed morphological dormancy and promote germination.The results showed that 20℃could significantly enhance the germination capacity of celery seeds,the germination rate reached 88%,and the germination index was significantly higher than other temperatures.No seeds germinated at 5℃,10℃,and 35℃ for the same time.Subsequent studies on the mechanism of germination at 20℃ showed that 20℃ could significantly promote the growth of celery seed embryos during germination,and the proportion of embryo,seed reached 0.72 on germination day.20℃ also increased the antioxidant capacity of seeds and promoted the expression of GA synthesis genes and ABA degradation genes on the first day of germination.It was speculated that more GA was synthesized in a short period of time.Although many parameters were similar to those of 20℃,the final germination rate was only 60%at 25℃.It was also found that 5℃ slowly promoted the growth of seed embryos,and the embryo,seed reached 0.63 on the tenth day,but 35℃significantly delayed the growth of embryos,and 35℃ may cause thermal dormancy of celery seeds by inhibiting the expression of GA synthesis genes and ABA degradation genes.These results showed that 20℃ was the optimal temperature for celery seed germination.Low temperature delays seed germination,while high temperature could cause seed thermal dormancy.

关 键 词：芹菜种子 赤霉素 脱落酸 休眠 萌发 

分 类 号：S636.2[农业科学—蔬菜学]