盐胁迫对菊花幼苗生长及生理活性的影响  

Effects of Salt Stress on the Growth and Physiological Activities of Chrysanthemum Seedlings

作　　者：黄艳竹 陆静 崔亮 张黎 杨小英[1] HUANG Yanzhu;LU Jing;CUI Liang;ZHANG Li;YANG Xiaoying(College of Civil Architecture,Yinchuan University of Energy,Yinchuan,Ningxia 750100;Ningxia Technical College of Wine and Desertification Prevention,Yinchuan,Ningxia 750199;Ningxia XiangruiSheng Ecological Environment Co.Ltd.,Yinchuan,Ningxia 750011)

机构地区：[1]银川能源学院土木建筑学院,宁夏银川750100 [2]宁夏葡萄酒与防沙治沙职业技术学院,宁夏银川750199 [3]宁夏祥瑞升生态环境有限公司,宁夏银川750011

出　　处：《北方园艺》2025年第4期82-89,共8页Northern Horticulture

基　　金：宁夏回族自治区第二批高校黄大年式教师团队资助项目(宁教师[2022]130号);银川能源学院科研资助项目(2024-KY-Z-2,2023-KY-Y-16);银川能源学院科研创新团队资助项目(银能院[2022]233号)。

摘　　要：以一年生切花菊扦插幼苗为试材,采用不同浓度(0、50、100、150、200 mmol·L^(-1))NaCl模拟盐胁迫处理7 d,研究盐胁迫对切花菊地上、地下部生长指标和生理活性的影响,以期揭示菊花的耐盐性,为宁夏地区菊花的育种生产和培育耐盐品种提供参考依据。结果表明:随着盐胁迫程度加深,幼苗的生长发育受到显著抑制。地上和地下部生长关联程度较大:根系总长度与冠幅(0.713)呈极显著正相关,根系总表面积、根系总体积和根尖数与株高(0.567、0.487、0.593)、冠幅(0.726、0.622、0.730)、叶片宽度(0.708、0.658、0.487)和叶片长度(0.643、0.605、0.549)呈极显著正相关性,分叉数与株高(0.613)、冠幅(0.514)和叶片长度(0.524)呈极显著正相关,根系质量与株高(0.578)和冠幅(0.656)呈极显著正相关,地上部鲜质量与根系总表面积(0.562)呈极显著正相关(P<0.01)。随着土壤pH升高,切花菊体内积累大量的过氧化物,细胞膜受到破坏,细胞质透性增大,相对电导率升高,叶绿素含量降解,可溶性糖含量和抗氧化系统酶SOD、POD活性增加以抵抗过氧化的伤害。筛选得到“布鲁诺黄”的抗盐性最好,“卡斯特”的抗性最弱。Taking the cutting seedlings of one-year cut Chrysanthemum as test materials,the effects of salt stress on the above ground and underground growth indexes and physiological activities of cut Chrysanthemum were studied by using different concentrations of NaCl(0,50,100,150,200 mmol·L^(-1))to simulate salt stress for 7 days,in order to reveal the salt tolerance of Chrysanthemum,and provide a reference for the breeding and production of Chrysanthemum in Ningxia and summer regions and the cultivation of salt tolerant varieties.The results showed that as the severity of salt stress increased,the growth and development of the seedlings were significantly inhibited.There was a strong correlation between the aboveground and underground growth,total root length was significantly positively correlated with canopy width(0.713);total root surface area,total root volume,and root tip number were significantly positively correlated with plant height(0.567,0.487,0.593),canopy width(0.726,0.622,0.730),leaf width(0.708,0.658,0.487),and leaf length(0.643,0.605,0.549);branch number was significantly positively correlated with plant height(0.613),canopy width(0.514),and leaf length(0.524);root weight was significantly positively correlated with plant height(0.578)and canopy width(0.656);aboveground weight was significantly positively correlated with total root surface area(0.562)(P<0.01).As soil pH increased,a large amount of peroxides accumulated inside the chrysanthemum,resulting in cell membrane damage,increased cell permeability,the relative conductivity rose,the chlorophyll content decreased,while the soluble sugar content and the activities of antioxidant system enzymes SOD and POD increased to counteract the damage from peroxidation.The salt tolerance of‘Bruno Yellow’was found to be the best,while‘Caste’exhibited the weakest resistance.

关 键 词：菊花 盐胁迫 生长指标 生理活性 

分 类 号：S682.11[农业科学—观赏园艺]