混料设计优化糙皮侧耳的栽培配方  

Mixture Design to Optimize the Cultivation Formula of Pleurotus ostreatus

作　　者：王丽艳 王鑫 荆瑞勇 茹风云 李喜梅 吴楠 WANG Liyan;WANG Xin;JING Ruiyong;RU Fengyun;LI Ximei;WU Nan(College of Life Science and Biotechnology,Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University/Heilongjiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Environmental Microbiology and Recycling of Argo-Waste in Cold Region,Daqing,Heilongjiang 163319;Key Laboratory of Low-Carbon Green Agriculture in Northeast Plain,Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs,Daqing,Heilongjiang 163319)

机构地区：[1]黑龙江八一农垦大学生命科学技术学院,黑龙江省寒区环境微生物与农业废弃物资源化利用重点实验室,黑龙江大庆163319 [2]农业农村部东北平原农业绿色低碳重点实验室,黑龙江大庆163319

出　　处：《北方园艺》2025年第4期89-96,共8页Northern Horticulture

基　　金：黑龙江八一农垦大学研究生创新资助项目(YJSCX2023-Y71);黑龙江省大学生创业训练资助项目(S202310223127X);国家自然科学基金资助项目(31870477)。

摘　　要：以糙皮侧耳为试材,利用不同的农作物秸秆替代部分(40%)杂木屑初步筛选出培养糙皮侧耳的最适主料,采用D-Optional混料设计法,研究了漆酶、多酚氧化酶、半纤维素酶、纤维素酶、中性蛋白酶与菌丝生长速率之间的相关性,通过优化计算,得到适合糙皮侧耳的栽培配方,以期为农作物秸秆替代木屑栽培糙皮侧耳提供参考依据,提高糙皮侧耳栽培的经济效益。结果表明:在5种农作物秸秆基质中,水稻秸秆和玉米秸秆更适合糙皮侧耳菌丝生长。配方优化得出一个适合糙皮侧耳生长的配方为杂木屑38%、水稻秸秆35%、玉米秸秆10.8%、麸皮14.2%、氧化钙1%、过磷酸钙1%,此配方栽培糙皮侧耳每袋第一潮菇产量达143.61 g(每袋装干料300 g),高于对照(142.31 g)。Taking Pleurotus ostreatus as the test material,the optimum main material for cultivating Pleurotus ostreatus was preliminarily screened by using different crop straws to replace part(40%)of sawdust,the D-Optional mixture design method was adopted,the correlation between laccase,polyphenol oxidase,hemicellulase,cellulase,neutral protease and mycelial growth rate was studied,through optimization calculation,the cultivation formula suitable for Pleurotus ostreatus was obtained,in order to provide reference for the cultivation of Pleurotus ostreatus by crop straw instead of sawdust and improve the economic benefits of Pleurotus ostreatus cultivation.The results showed that among the five crop straw substrates,rice straw and corn straw were more suitable for the mycelial growth of Pleurotus ostreatus.A formula suitable for the growth of Pleurotus ostreatus was obtained by optimizing the formula,38%sawdust,35%rice straw,10.8%corn straw,14.2%bran,1%calcium oxide and 1%calcium superphosphate.The yield of the first tide mushroom per bag of Pleurotus ostreatus was 143.61 g(300 g of dry material per bag),which was higher than that of the control group(142.31 g).The research is beneficial to improve the yield of Pleurotus ostreatus and improve economic benefits.

关 键 词：糙皮侧耳 D-Optional混料设计 农作物秸秆 胞外酶活性 配方优化 

分 类 号：S853.75[农业科学—临床兽医学]