长梗绞股蓝叶片和根系养分含量对土壤养分及细根形态的响应  

Response of nutrient content of leaves and roots of Gynostemma longipes to soil nutrients and fine root morphology

作　　者：秦凤园 李豆豆 文定梅 甘家霞 郭宝林[2] 孙超 QIN Fengyuan;LI Doudou;WEN Dingmei;GAN Jiaxia;GUO Baolin;SUN Chao(School of Chinese Materia Medica,Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine,Tianjin 301617,China;Institute of Medicinal Plants Development,Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences,Beijing 100094,China)

机构地区：[1]天津中医药大学中药学院,天津301617 [2]中国医学科学院药用植物研究所,北京100094

出　　处：《西北农林科技大学学报(自然科学版)》2025年第2期148-156,共9页Journal of Northwest A&F University(Natural Science Edition)

基　　金：中国医学科学院医学与健康科技创新工程药用植物种质资源库建设项目(2021-1-I2M-032)。

摘　　要：【目的】明确长梗绞股蓝叶片、根系养分含量随海拔的变化特征,以及其变化对土壤养分、细根形态的响应规律,为长梗绞股蓝在不同生境(土壤、海拔)下的养分利用策略奠定理论基础,助力长梗绞股蓝田间规范化栽培技术的提升。【方法】采用3个种源的长梗绞股蓝(陕西八道、四川平武、甘肃康县)作为试验材料,于海拔510 m和1150 m分别种植。在生长季末,采样测定土壤养分含量,长梗绞股蓝叶片、细根养分含量及细根形态特性(根长度密度、根表面积密度、根直径)。【结果】随海拔升高,土壤水解氮、有机质和有效磷含量显著增加,而土壤有效钾含量降低。在高海拔下,长梗绞股蓝叶片N、P含量较高,而叶片K含量较低;叶片养分含量与土壤养分的相同元素具有显著相关性,土壤有效磷对叶片多种养分影响显著。长梗绞股蓝细根C、P含量在不同海拔间无明显差异,在低海拔下不同种源细根K含量显著高于高海拔;土壤养分对细根K含量影响极显著。长梗绞股蓝的细根主要分布在10 cm土层,在0~10 cm土层长梗绞股蓝根长度密度占整个土层的82%,根表面积密度占整个土层的80%;叶片C含量、细根K含量与根长度密度、根表面积密度呈极显著负相关(P<0.01),而叶片P含量与根长度密度、根表面积密度呈显著正相关(P<0.05)。【结论】在长梗绞股蓝田间管理中可重点关注栽培地土壤P、K元素的利用情况,同时保证长梗绞股蓝生长环境资源分配的最优化。【Objective】The study aimed to clarify the characteristics of nutrient content changes in the leaves and roots of Gynostemma longipes at different altitudes,and nutrient content changes in the leaves and roots in response to soil nutrients and fine root morphology,provide a theoretical basis for nutrient utilization strategies of G.longipes in different habitats(soil,altitude),and improve standardized cultivation techniques for long-stemmed G.longipes in the field.【Method】G.longipes plants from three sources(Shaanxi Badao source,Sichuan Pingwu source,and Gansu Kangxian source)were used as experimental materials and planted at an altitude of 510 m and 1150 m respectively.At the end of the growing season,soil nutrient content,leaf and fine root nutrient content,as well as fine root morphological characteristics(root length density,root surface density,root diameter)were measured.【Result】The contents of soil hydrolyzable nitrogen,organic matter and available phosphorus increased significantly at higher altitudes,while the content of soil available potassium decreased at higher altitudes.At higher altitudes,the leaf nitrogen(N)and phosphorus(P)contents were higher,while the leaf potassium(K)content was lower.There was a significant correlation between leaf nutrient content and soil nutrient content of the same elements,among which soil available phosphorus had a significant impact on various nutrients in leaf.The carbon(C)and P contents of the fine root showed no significant changes as the altitude rose,but the fine root K content was higher at low altitudes than that at high altitudes.And multiple soil nutrients had a significant impact on the fine root K content.The fine roots of G.longipes were mainly distributed in the 10 cm soil la-yer,in which the root length density of G.longipes accounted for 82%of the entire soil layer,and the root surface density accounted for 80%of the entire soil layer.The leaf C content and fine root K content were significantly negatively correlated with root length density a

关 键 词：长梗绞股蓝 叶片养分 细根养分 土壤养分 细根形态 

分 类 号：S567.237[农业科学—中草药栽培]