基于衰落掩码自编码器的分布式光纤声学传感系统用于水域航行安防事件识别  

Distributed Fiber Optic Acoustic Sensing System Based on Fading Mask Autoencoder and Application in Water Navigation Security Events Identification

作　　者：于淼 何禹潼 常天英 崔洪亮 党随虎[3] 夏良平 刘黎明 易子川 潘新建 高庆国 YU Miao;HE Yutong;CHANG Tianying;CUI Hongliang;DANG Suihhu;XIA Liangping;LIU Liming;YI Zichuan;PAN Xinjian;GAO Qingguo(Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Shenzhen 518000,China;School of Electronic Information Engineering,University of Electronic Science and Technology of China,Zhongshan Institute,Zhongshan 528402,China;School of Electronic and Information Engineering,Yangtze Normal University,Chongqing 408000,China)

机构地区：[1]中国科学院深圳先进技术研究院,深圳518000 [2]电子科技大学中山学院电子信息学院,中山528402 [3]长江师范学院电子信息学院,重庆408000

出　　处：《光子学报》2025年第1期29-42,共14页Acta Photonica Sinica

基　　金：国家重点研发项目(No.2022YFC3003801);国家自然科学基金(No.62341502);深圳市重点基金项目(Nos.JCYJ20220818101206015,JCYJ20220818101609021);广东省基础与应用基础研究基金项目(No.2023B1515120009);在渝高校与中科院所属院所合作项目(No.HZ2021014);重庆市教委重大项目(No.KJZDM202001401)。

摘　　要：提出了一种基于衰落掩码自编码器的分布式光纤声学传感系统水域行船安防事件识别算法。结合衰落原理判断衰落位置,使用改进的衰落掩码策略让掩码自编码器模型学习到更多正确的信号特征,从而更有效地完成事件识别。开展水域实验,采集行船安防事件数据,将所提方法与掩码自编码器以及其他模型进行比较。结果表明,衰落掩码自编码器的平均训练准确率为98.34%,比掩码自编码器的增加了4.9%;平均测试准确率为93.01%,比掩码自编码器的增加了6.45%。与其他3种模型相比,衰落掩码自编码器具有更高的训练精度和更快的收敛速度,平均性能指标高出约4.88%~7.62%。结合衰落判别的衰落掩码自编码器模型在稳定性、训练效率和识别准确率方面更具优势,且具有更好的泛化性,适用于水域行船安防事件的识别。In recent years,intelligent navigation security is a hot spot in the field of water safety protection.Distributed optical fiber acoustic sensing technology based on phase sensitive optical time domain reflectometer can realize distributed monitoring of multi-point disturbance along optical fiber.However,due to the complex water environment and the fading of system signals,it is difficult to identify the disturbance signals stably and effectively.The main noise sources of distributed optical fiber acoustic sensing system are interference fading and polarization fading.Both of these phenomena greatly weaken the signal at the fading point,resulting in signal distortion.Under water,the cable is less coupled with the environment,and is more susceptible to the influence of water waves,currents and other factors.Therefore,timely and effective elimination of fading interference plays an important role in the identification of water security events.Combining fading mask,attention mechanism and self-supervised learning,this paper proposes a distributed optical fiber acoustic sensing system based on fading mask autoencoder for ship security event recognition in waters.This method is aimed at the ship event signal in the water area,and generates a basically noise-free signal by shielding fading noise into the deep learning model,so that the model can learn directly and greatly reduce the influence of fading noise on signal recognition.Mask autoencoder is an extensible self-supervised learner.It combines the attention mechanism in the form of a mask to achieve high-precision training with the simplest coding-decoding model structure,while it can also transfer learning only through the model weights of the encoder.On this basis,the fading mask autoencoder method is more helpful for the distributed optical fiber acoustic sensing system to achieve effective event recognition.Firstly,the amplitude signal of distributed optical fiber acoustic sensing is analyzed to determine the fading position.The model is then pre-trained using

关 键 词：光纤传感器 分布式光纤声学传感 掩码自编码器 水域安防 深度学习 

分 类 号：TP212[自动化与计算机技术—检测技术与自动化装置]