客船应急撤离中的路径优化  

Research on Path Optimization in Emergency Evacuation of Passenger Ships

作　　者：杨吉凯 李子晗 程绍坚 李威[1,3,4] YANG Jikai;LI Zihan;CHENG Shaojian;LI Wei(School of Naval Architecture and Ocean Engineering,Huazhong University of Science and Technology,Wuhan 430074,China;Shanghai Waigaoqiao Shipbuilding Co.,Ltd.,Shanghai 200137,China;Collaborative Innovation Center for Advanced Ship and Deep-Sea Exploration(CISSE),Shanghai 200240,China;Hubei Key Laboratory of Ocean Engineering Hydrodynamics,Huazhong University of Science and Technology,Wuhan 430074,China)

机构地区：[1]华中科技大学船舶与海洋工程学院,湖北武汉430074 [2]上海外高桥造船有限公司,上海200137 [3]高新船舶与深海开发装备协同创新中心,上海200240 [4]船舶与海洋水动力湖北省重点实验室,湖北武汉430074

出　　处：《船舶与海洋工程》2025年第1期1-8,共8页Naval Architecture and Ocean Engineering

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(52171336)。

摘　　要：为优化客船应急撤离路径,提高撤离效率并保障乘客和船员的安全,以一艘3层客船为研究对象,采用AnyLogic仿真平台进行建模与模拟,对撤离过程进行深入分析。综合考量客船内部布局和人员分布等因素,提出同层撤离策略和区域内预置撤离通道策略,其中:同层撤离策略通过优化目标选择减少通过楼梯的撤离需求,有效提高撤离效率;区域内预置撤离通道策略对人流量较大的区域进行优化,保证通道畅通无阻。研究结果显示,同层撤离策略能缩短撤离时间21.65%,预置撤离通道策略能缩短撤离时间12.2%,说明这些策略有效,能实现对撤离路径优化。该研究可供客船提升运行的安全性和应急响应能力参考。In order to optimize the emergency evacuation path of passenger ships,improve evacuation efficiency,and ensure the safety of passengers and crew,a 3-layer passenger ship in the European“Safety Protection”project was taken as the research object,and Anylogic simulation platform was used for modeling and simulation to conduct in-depth analysis of the evacuation process.Taking into account factors such as the internal layout and personnel distribution of passenger ships,a same floor evacuation strategy and a pre-set evacuation channel strategy within the area are proposed.Among them,the same floor evacuation strategy reduces the need for evacuation through stairs by optimizing target selection,effectively improving evacuation efficiency;The pre-set evacuation channel strategy within the area is optimized for areas with high pedestrian flow to ensure smooth passage.The research results show that after applying these strategies,the evacuation time is significantly reduced compared to the original model,proving the effectiveness of these optimization strategies.The same layer evacuation strategy can shorten the evacuation time by 21.65%,while the pre-set evacuation channel strategy reduces the evacuation time by 12.2%.This not only indicates the importance of optimizing the evacuation path,but also demonstrates the application value of Anylogic simulation platform in such research.This study can serve as a reference for improving the safety and emergency response capabilities of passenger ships.

关 键 词：客船应急撤离 人员撤离仿真 撤离路径优化 

分 类 号：U676.1[交通运输工程—船舶及航道工程]