经颅直流电刺激对篮球运动员运动疲劳后运动技能习得的影响  

Effects of transcranial direct current stimulation on motor skill acquisition after sports fatigue among basketball players

作　　者：张娜 魏运展 衣龙燕 亓丰学 Zhang Na;Wei Yunzhan;Yi Longyan;Qi Fengxue(Key Laboratory of Sport Training of General Administration of Sport of China,Beijing Sport University,Beijing 100084,China;Sports Exercise and Brain Sciences Laboratory,Sports Coaching College,Beijing Sport University,Beijing 100084,China;China Institute of Sport and Health Science,Beijing Sport University,Beijing 100084,China)

机构地区：[1]北京体育大学国家体育总局运动训练重点实验室,北京100084 [2]北京体育大学竞技体育学院运动与脑科学实验室,北京100084 [3]北京体育大学中国运动与健康研究院,北京100084

出　　处：《中国运动医学杂志》2024年第12期939-947,共9页Chinese Journal of Sports Medicine

基　　金：教育部人文社会科学研究一般项目(22YJCZH136);中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金资助课题(2022QN013,2024YDXL004)。

摘　　要：目的:探究不同刺激模式的经颅直流电刺激(transcranial direct current stimulation,tDCS)干预初级运动皮层(primary motor cortex,M1)对篮球运动员运动疲劳后运动技能习得的影响。方法:招募29名篮球运动员(女性9名、男性20名;年龄19.79±0.77岁;训练年限3.40±2.16年)按照平衡抵消法的顺序参与tDCS双侧正极刺激M1、tDCS正极刺激左侧M1(负极刺激右侧M1)和伪刺激实验,3种实验干预间隔至少1周。tDCS电流强度为2 mA,真刺激持续干预10 min,伪刺激仅在开始时持续刺激30 s。篮球运动员先进行递增负荷功率自行车运动诱导运动疲劳,随后进行tDCS干预,最后依次进行序列反应时任务(serial reaction time task,SRTT)和投篮命中率测试对受试者的运动技能习得能力进行评估。结果:在投篮命中率方面,双侧正极刺激M1组显著高于伪刺激组(P=0.010);在SRTT方面,双侧正极刺激M1组的各个组块平均错误数(组块2、3、7)低于伪刺激组(均P<0.05)。结论:tDCS双侧正极干预M1能够有效改善篮球运动员运动疲劳后的运动技能习得能力。Objective To explore the effect of transcranial direct current stimulation(tDCS)with differ⁃ent stimulation models over primary motor cortex(M1)on motor skill acquisition after sports fatigue in basketball players.Methods Twenty-nine basketball players(9 females and 20 males;age:19.79±0.77 year;training experience:3.40±2.16 year)received the concurrent dual-site anodal tDCS over M1,anodal tDCS over left M1(cathodal tDCS over right M1)and sham stimulation session in a coun⁃terbalanced order,with an interval between two sessions no less than one week.The tDCS lasted 10 min at the intensity of 2 mA,while the sham was only given for the first 30 s.In each session,sports fatigue was induced by the maximal incremental cycling exercise protocol,followed by tDCS.Subsequently,the motor skill acquisition was evaluated using the serial reaction time task(SRTT)and basketball shooting accuracy test.Results In the basketball shooting accuracy test,the shooting accuracy increased significantly after concurrent dual-site anodal tDCS over M1 compared with sham stimula⁃tion(P=0.010).For SRTT,the mean errors(block 2,3 and 7)of each block decreased significantly af⁃ter concurrent dual-site anodal tDCS over M1,in comparison with the sham stimulation(P values<0.05 for all).Conclusion Concurrent dual-site anodal tDCS over M1 can effectively improve motor skill ac⁃quisition after sports fatigue in basketball players.

关 键 词：经颅直流电刺激 运动疲劳 运动技能习得 投篮命中率 

分 类 号：G841[文化科学—体育训练]