2010—2022监测年度成都市某儿童流感哨点医院0~14岁儿童流行性感冒监测结果分析  

Analysis on the surveillance results of influenza in children aged 0-14 years in a sentinel hospital in Chengdu City from 2010 to 2022

作　　者：龙凤 李新 LONG Feng;LI Xin(Chengdu Children's Specialized Hospital,Chengdu 610015,Sichuan Province,China.)

机构地区：[1]成都儿童专科医院,成都610015

出　　处：《预防医学情报杂志》2025年第2期185-192,共8页Journal of Preventive Medicine Information

摘　　要：目的分析2010—2022年成都市0~14岁儿童流行性感冒(以下简称“流感”)流行特征及变化趋势,为成都市儿童流感防控提供参考。方法从中国流感监测信息平台导出成都市某儿童流感哨点医院2010—2022年流感样病例(influenza-like illness,ILI),应用SPSS 21.0软件进行统计学分析,率(比)的差异采用χ^(2)检验,相关分析采用Spearman检验,以P<0.05为差异有统计学意义;对2010—2022年流感样病例百分比进行时间序列的季节性分解。结果2010—2022监测年度成都市某儿童流感哨点医院0~14岁儿童年平均ILI百分比(ILI%)为2.04%,总体呈上升趋势(Z=13740.77,P<0.001);流感病毒检测阳性率为8.47%(880/10386);时间序列预测季节性分解结果显示ILI流行月份为当年12月至次年4月,2010—2019年ILI%与流感病毒阳性率间变化趋势存在正相关性(r=0.202,P<0.001)。0~2岁组、3~5岁组、6~14岁组阳性占比分别为16.7%、33.9%和49.4%,且甲、乙型流感比例分别为68.02%∶31.98%、57.05%∶42.95%、40.00%∶60.00%,差异有统计学意义(χ^(2)=301.93,P<0.001)。结论2010—2022年成都市某儿童流感哨点医院0~14岁儿童流感病毒检测阳性率与ILI%变化呈现明显周期性,以冬春季为主;优势流感毒株呈现周期性更替,借助ILI监测数据评估某个区域内流感的流行强度和趋势等情况具有参考意义;不同年龄的流感感染率及感染病原亚型具有差异,应有针对性地采取加强儿童流感防控的措施。Objective To analyze the epidemiological characteristics and trends of influenza in children aged 0-14 years in Chengdu City from 2010 to 2022,and to provide reference for the prevention and control of influenza in children in Chengdu City.Methods Data of influenza-like cases in a sentinel hospital in Chengdu City from 2010 to 2022 were derived from the China Influenza Surveillance Information Platform.SPSS 21.0 was used for statistical analysis.The difference of rate/ratio was tested by Chi-square test,and Spearman test was used for correlation analysis.P<0.05 was considered statistically significant.Seasonal decomposition of the time series was conducted on the percentage of influenza-like cases from 2010 to 2022.Results The average annual percentage of influenza-like illness(ILI)(ILI%)of children aged 0-14 years in the sentinel hospital in Chengdu City from 2010 to 2022 was 2.04%,showing an overall upward trend(Z=13740.77,P<0.001).The positive detection rate of influenza virus was 8.47%(880/10386).The seasonal decomposition results of time series showed that the epidemic months of ILI were December to April of the next year.There was a positive correlation between the trend of ILI% and the positive rate of influenza virus from 2010 to 2019(r=0.202,P<0.001).The positive rates of 0-2 years old group,3-5years old group and 6-14 years old group were 16.7%,33.9% and 49.4%,respectively.The proportions of influenza A and B were 68.02%∶31.98%,57.05%∶42.95%and 40.00%∶60.00%,respectively,and the difference was statistically significant(χ^(2)=301.93,P<0.001).Conclusions The positive rate of influenza virus and the ILI% of children aged 0-14 years in the sentinel hospital in Chengdu City showed obvious periodicity from 2010 to 2022,mainly in winter and spring.The dominant influenza strains showed periodic replacement.It is of reference significance to evaluate the epidemic intensity and trend of influenza in a certain region with ILI monitoring data.There were differences in influenza infection rates and pathogenic

关 键 词：流行性感冒 哨点监测 儿童 成都市 

分 类 号：R511.7[医药卫生—内科学]