2017—2021年北京市丰台区35~75岁常住居民心血管病高危人群分布特征及影响因素分析  

Distribution characteristics and influencing factors of high risk population of cardiovascular disease among permanent residents aged 35-75 years in Fengtai District of Beijing from 2017 to 2021

作　　者：王焱焱 郑金梅[1] 刘增艳 钟松臻 袁雪晴 肖文 聂黎[3] WANG Yanyan;ZHENG Jinmei;LIU Zengyan;ZHONG Songzhen;YUAN Xueqing;XIAO Wen;NIE Li(Fengtai Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Beijing 100071,China;Institute of School Health Care Center,Xicheng District,Beijing 100032,China;Chronic Disease Department,Bingjing Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Beijing 100013,China)

机构地区：[1]北京市丰台区疾病预防控制中心,北京100071 [2]北京市西城区学校卫生保健所,北京100032 [3]北京市疾病预防控制中心,北京100013

出　　处：《预防医学情报杂志》2025年第2期210-216,228,共8页Journal of Preventive Medicine Information

基　　金：国家卫生和计划生育委员会和财政部重大公共卫生服务项目;北京市丰台区卫生健康系统科研项目(项目编号:2020-116)。

摘　　要：目的了解北京市丰台区35~75岁常住居民心血管病高危人群流行病学特征及影响因素,为制定心血管病防治策略提供依据。方法采用分层随机抽样的方法在2017—2021年抽取丰台区35~75岁常住居民,采用问卷调查、体格检查和实验室检查的方法收集基本信息、心血管病高危及相关危险因素指标,描述调查对象心血管病高危人群的分布特征,并通过非条件二分类逐歩Logistic回归分析其影响因素,以P<0.05为差异有统计学意义。结果共调查16209人,检出高危对象3953人,检出高危率24.39%,标化高危率24.08%;男性高危率(27.40%)高于女性(22.63%)(χ^(2)=46.619,P<0.001),随着年龄的增加高危率呈上升趋势(χ_(趋势)^(2)=-22.101,P<0.001),多因素分析结果显示,高年龄、低教育水平、低收入水平、超重或肥胖和吸烟是心血管病高危的危险因素。高危类型中,以血压高型和血脂异常型最常见,高危率分别10.40%和10.37%,高危人群中以仅有一种高危型别的人为主,占83.96%。结论2017—2021年北京市丰台区35~75岁心血管病高危人群检出比例较高;高年龄、低教育水平、低收入水平、超重或肥胖和吸烟与心血管病高危呈正相关。Objective To understand the epidemiological characteristics and influencing factors of high risk population of cardiovascular diseases(CVD)among permanent residents aged 35-75 years in Fengtai District of Beijing,and to provide basis for formulating prevention and control measures of cardiovascular diseases.Methods Permanent residents aged 35-75 years who lived in Fengtai District from 2017 to 2021 were selected by the stratified random sampling method.Physical examinations,laboratory examinations and questionnaire survey were conducted among subjects to collect basic information,cardiovascular risk factors and related information.The distribution characteristics of high-risk populations of cardiovascular diseases were described,and influencing factors were analyzed by unconditional binary stepwise Logistic regression.P<0.05 was considered to be statistically significant.Results A total of 16209 people were investigated,and 3953 people were identified as high-risk subjects,the detected high-risk rate was 24.39% and the standardized high-risk rate was24.08%.The high-risk rate of males(27.40%)was higher than that of females(22.63%)(χ^(2)=46.619,P<0.001),and it tended to increase with the increase of age(χ_(trend)^(2)=-22.101,P<0.001).The results of multivariate analysis showed that elder,lower education,lower income,overweight or obese and smoking were risk factors for cardiovascular diseases.Among the high-risk types,high blood pressure type and dyslipidemia type were the most common types,with high-risk rates of10.40%and 10.37%,respectively.Among the high-risk population,the most people were those with only one high-risk type,accounting for 83.96%.Conclusions The proportion of high-risk population of CVD in residents aged 35-75 years in Fengtai District was high.Elder,lower education,lower income,overweight or obese and smoking were positively correlated with the risks of CVD.

关 键 词：心血管病 高危人群 分布特征 影响因素 

分 类 号：R195[医药卫生—卫生统计学]