玉米细胞质雄性不育系C01农艺性状及不育生理机制分析  

Analysis of Agronomic Traits and Physiological Mechanism of Maize Cytoplasmic Male Sterility Line C01

作　　者：刘欣怡 廖志杰 吕丹 莫佳梅 贾魏 罗红兵[1,2] LIU Xinyi;LIAO Zhijie;LÜDan;MO Jiamei;JIA Wei;LUO Hongbing(College of Agronomy,Hunan Agricultural University,Changsha 410128,China;Maize Engineering Technology Research Center of Hunan Province,Changsha 410128,China)

机构地区：[1]湖南农业大学农学院,湖南长沙410128 [2]湖南省玉米工程技术研究中心,湖南长沙410128

出　　处：《河南农业科学》2025年第1期21-27,共7页Journal of Henan Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：中国农业科学院作物科学研究所核能开发科研项目;湖南省重点研发计划项目(2022NK2002)。

摘　　要：为揭示玉米细胞质雄性不育的生理机制,以细胞质雄性不育系C01和保持系T01为试验材料,调查其农艺性状和花粉形态,并在苗期(V1)、拔节期(V6)、十一叶期(V11)、抽雄期(VT)、散粉期(R1)和籽粒建成期(R2)分别测定叶片中超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)、过氧化物酶(POD)、过氧化氢酶(CAT)活性和丙二醛(MDA)、可溶性糖、可溶性蛋白、游离脯氨酸含量。结果表明,不育系C01与保持系T01农艺性状无显著差异,但花药形态存在明显差异,T01花药饱满且能够正常开裂,呈浅黄色,有花粉;C01花药干瘪、不开裂,呈嫩绿色,花药长度和横截面直径均显著低于T01,且内无花粉。V1—VT,C01叶片中可溶性糖含量均显著低于T01;除VT外,C01叶片中可溶性蛋白含量均显著低于T01;C01叶片中游离脯氨酸含量在VT和R1均显著低于T01;在所有生育时期,C01叶片中SOD活性均显著低于T01,POD活性无显著差异,CAT活性在V11和VT均显著低于T01;MDA含量无显著差异。由此推断,C01的可溶性糖、可溶性蛋白和游离脯氨酸合成运输途径可能受阻,能量供给不足致使CAT和SOD活性低,进而导致C01发生雄性不育。In order to reveal the physiological mechanism of maize cytoplasmic male sterility,the agronomic traits and pollen morphology of cytoplasmic male sterility line C01 and maintainer line T01 were investigated,and the activities of superoxide dismutase(SOD),peroxidase(POD)and catalase(CAT)and the contents of malondialdehyde(MDA),soluble sugar,soluble protein and free proline in leaves were measured at seedling stage(V1),jointing stage(V6),11 leaves stage(V11),tasseling stage(VT),pollen dispersing stage(R1)and seed formation stage(R2),respectively.The results showed that there was no significant difference in agronomic traits between the sterile line C01 and the maintainer line T01,but there was significant difference in anther morphology.The anthers of T01 were full and normally dehiscent,light yellow,and there were pollens;the anthers of C01 were shriveled,non-dehiscent,tender green,the length and cross-sectional diameter of the anthers were significantly lower than those of T01,and there was no pollen.From V1 to VT,the soluble sugar content in C01 leaves was significantly lower than that in T01;Except for VT,the soluble protein content in C01 leaves was significantly lower than that in T01;The content of free proline in C01 leaves was significantly lower than that in T01 at VT and R1;At all growth stages,the SOD activity in C01 leaves was significantly lower than that in T01,there was no significant difference in POD activity,and the CAT activity was significantly lower than that in T01 at V11 and VT;There was no significant difference in MDA content.It is inferred that the synthesis and transport pathways of soluble sugar,soluble protein and free proline of C01 may be blocked,and the insufficient energy supply may lead to low CAT and SOD activity,which in turn leads to male sterility of C01.

关 键 词：玉米 细胞质雄性不育 农艺性状 花粉 生理机制 

分 类 号：S513[农业科学—作物学]