河南省牛至及其近缘种甘牛至SRAP遗传多样性分析与指纹图谱构建  

Genetic Diversity Analysis and Fingerprint Construction of Henan Origanum vulgare and Its Related Species Origanum majorana by SRAP Markers

作　　者：田慧鑫 于婵 杨帆 苏亚楠 王晓东 周艳[1] 李贺敏[1] 黄勇[1] 梁妍 夏至[1] TIAN Huixin;YU Chan;YANG Fan;SU Ya'nan;WANG Xiaodong;ZHOU Yan;LI Hemin;HUANG Yong;LIANG Yan;XIA Zhi(College of Agriculture,Henan Agricultural University,Zhengzhou 450046,China;Henan Shennong Genuine Medicinal Materials Company,Zhengzhou 450000,China)

机构地区：[1]河南农业大学农学院,河南郑州450046 [2]河南神农道地药材有限公司,河南郑州450000

出　　处：《河南农业科学》2025年第1期55-65,共11页Journal of Henan Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：2023年度河南省重点研发专项(231111110900)。

摘　　要：探讨河南省不同区域分布的牛至(Origanum vulgare)及其近缘种甘牛至(Origanum majorana)遗传多样性和亲缘关系,为牛至及甘牛至种质资源保护、开发利用提供参考。采用相关序列扩增多态性(Sequence-related amplified polymorphism,SRAP)分子标记方法,选取牛至野生居群(7个)、栽培居群(1个)及甘牛至栽培居群(1个)共9个居群77份牛至和甘牛至种质资源进行遗传多样性分析,构建DNA指纹图谱。结果表明,9对引物共扩增出98个条带,多态性条带94条,多态性条带比率为95.92%,平均每对引物扩增出10.89条。等位基因数(Na)为1.9592、有效等位基因数(Ne)为1.4195、Nei基因多样性指数(H)为0.2632、Shannon’s指数(I)为0.4119。基于SRAP分子标记数据建立的UPGMA亲缘关系聚类图,遗传相似系数介于0.66~0.95。当遗传相似系数为0.66时,将牛至和甘牛至分为2个单独分支。在遗传相似系数为0.75时,不同区域牛至分为5个分支。综上,SRAP分子标记可以有效鉴别牛至与甘牛至;河南省南阳牛至种群遗传多样性高于其他区域;筛选出了5对SRAP引物(Me1/em6、Me1/em11、Me3/em4、Me3/em11、Me5/em3)构建牛至和甘牛至种质DNA指纹图谱。This study explored the genetic diversity and phylogenetic relationships of Origanum vulgare and its relative species Origanum majorana distributed in different regions of Henan Province,to provide a reference for the protection and development of O.vulgare and O.majorana germplasm resources.Using the sequence-related amplified polymorphism(SRAP)molecular marker method,7 wild populations of O.vulgare and 1 cultivated population,as well as 1 cultivated population of O.majorana,totaling 77 germplasm resources of 9 populations,were selected for genetic diversity analysis and construction of a DNA fingerprint map.The results indicated that 9 pairs of primers amplified a total of 98 bands,with 94 polymorphic bands,representing a polymorphism rate of 95.92%;on average,each pair of primers amplified 10.89 bands.The number of alleles(Na)was 1.9592,the effective number of alleles(Ne)was 1.4195,Nei gene diversity index(H)was 0.2632,and Shannon's index(I)was 0.4119.The UPGMA phylogenetic cluster diagram constructed based on SRAP molecular marker data showed that the genetic similarity coefficient ranged from 0.66 to 0.95.When the genetic similarity coefficient was 0.66,O.vulgare and O.majorana were divided into two separate branches.At a genetic similarity coefficient of 0.75,O.vulgare from different regions were divided into five branches.In summary,SRAP molecular markers can effectively distinguish between O.vulgare and O.majorana,and the genetic diversity of O.vulgare populations in Nanyang,Henan Province,is higher than that in other areas.Five pairs of SRAP primers(Me1/em6、Me1/em11、Me3/em4、Me3/em11、Me5/em3)are selected to construct DNA fingerprint maps for both O.vulgare and O.majorana germplasms.

关 键 词：牛至 甘牛至 相关序列扩增多态性 遗传多样性 DNA指纹图谱 

分 类 号：R282[医药卫生—中药学]