蠋蝽对棉铃虫幼虫的捕食能力及捕食偏好  

Predation Ability and Preference of Arma chinensis against Helicoverpa armigera Larvae

作　　者：陈俊华[1] 李非凡 杜跃卿 谢佳鑫 张俏俏 王晨旭 郭世保[1] CHEN Junhua;LI Feifan;DU Yueqing;XIE Jiaxin;ZHANG Qiaoqiao;WANG Chenxu;GUO Shibao(Xinyang Agriculture and Forestry College,Xinyang 464000,China)

机构地区：[1]信阳农林学院,河南信阳464000

出　　处：《河南农业科学》2025年第1期109-118,共10页Journal of Henan Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：河南省中央引导地方项目(Z20221341063);河南省重大专项创新示范专项(201111310900)。

摘　　要：为明确蠋蝽(Arma chinensis)对棉铃虫(Helicoverpa armigera)幼虫的生物防控潜能,室内测定3、4龄蠋蝽若虫和雌成虫对2、3、4龄棉铃虫幼虫的捕食功能反应和搜寻效应,并探究了5龄蠋蝽若虫和雌雄成虫捕食2龄棉铃虫的种内干扰效应和蠋蝽雌成虫对棉铃虫3龄幼虫、黄粉虫蛹的捕食偏好。结果显示,3、4龄蠋蝽若虫和雌成虫均能捕食2、3、4龄棉铃虫幼虫,且捕食功能反应遵循HollingⅡ模型。不同发育阶段蠋蝽对棉铃虫幼虫的控害效能表现为蠋蝽雌成虫>4龄若虫>3龄若虫,同一龄期蠋蝽的捕食量随猎物(棉铃虫)龄期的增大而逐渐减小。蠋蝽雌成虫、4龄与3龄若虫对2龄棉铃虫幼虫的日最大捕食量依次为36.778、28.351、26.938头,由此可见,雌成虫对棉铃虫2龄幼虫的捕食能力最强。随猎物(棉铃虫)密度降低,蠋蝽对棉铃虫幼虫的搜寻效应逐渐提升。此外,蠋蝽捕食作用受到自身密度的干扰,蠋蝽种内干扰作用表现为5龄若虫>雄成虫>雌成虫。捕食偏好结果显示,当黄粉虫蛹和3龄棉铃虫幼虫共存时,蠋蝽更倾向于捕食黄粉虫蛹,此结果为蠋蝽的室内扩繁提供了研究基础。To explore the biological control potential of Arma chinensis on Helicoverpa armigera larvae,we measured the predatory functional responses and search effects of 3rd—4th instar A.chinensis nymphs and female adults on 2nd—4th instar H.armigera larvae under controlled indoor conditions.We also investigated the intraspecific interference effects of 5th instar A.chinensis nymphs,as well as male and female adults,on predation of 2nd instar H.armigera,along with the predation preferences of female A.chinensis adults for 3rd instar H.armigera larvae versus Tenebrio molitor pupae.The results indicated that both nymphs of the 3rd and 4th instars and female adults were capable of preying on 2nd—4th instar H.armigera,with their predatory response conforming to Holling's typeⅡmodel.The control efficiency across different developmental stages of A.chinensis was ranked as follows:female adults>4th instar nymphs>3rd instar nymphs.Notably,the amount preyed upon by individuals of the same age decreased as prey age increased,with maximum daily predation rates recorded at 36.778 for female adults,28.351 for 4th instar nymphs,and 26.938 for 3rd instar nymphs targeting 2nd instar H.armigera,which demonstrated that female adults exhibited the highest predation capacity against these larvae.Furthermore,our findings revealed that search efficiency improved as prey density decreased,while intraspecific interference among A.chinensis was influenced by their own density in the following order:5th instar nymphs>male adults>female adults.Regarding predation preference,when both T.molitor pupae and 3rd instar H.armigera larvae were present,A.chinensis showed a stronger inclination to prey on the pupae.These insights provide a valuable foundation for future research into indoor propagation strategies for enhancing the biological control capabilities of A.chinensis.

关 键 词：蠋蝽 棉铃虫 捕食能力 搜寻效应 种内干扰 捕食偏好 

分 类 号：S476.2[农业科学—农业昆虫与害虫防治]