烟草秸秆基活性炭制备工艺的优化及性能表征  

Optimization of the Preparation Process and Characterization of the Performance of Tobacco Straw-based Activated Carbon

作　　者：黄世杰[1] 方志辉 周芸[1] 梁淼 李瑞丽 张嘉辉 陈志燕[1] 张峻松 HUANG Shijie;FANG Zhihui;ZHOU Yun;LIANG Miao;LI Ruili;ZHANG Jiahui;CHEN Zhiyan;ZHANG Junsong(China Tobacco Guangxi Industrial Co.,Ltd.,Nanning 530001,China;College of Tobacco Science and Engineering,Zhengzhou University of Light Industry,Zhengzhou 450001,China)

机构地区：[1]广西中烟工业有限责任公司,广西南宁530001 [2]郑州轻工业大学烟草科学与工程学院,河南郑州450001

出　　处：《河南农业科学》2025年第1期170-180,共11页Journal of Henan Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：中国烟草总公司重点研发项目(110202402037);广西中烟工业有限责任公司科技项目(GXZYCX2024C007)。

摘　　要：为明确烟草秸秆基活性炭的制备工艺及其对孔隙结构的影响,选用烟草秸秆为碳源,以比表面积、总孔体积、微孔率为考察指标,通过BET比表面积检测、扫描电子显微镜(SEM)、X射线光电子能谱(XPS)等手段对烟秆基活性炭的形貌结构进行表征。结果表明,不同活化剂制备出的活性炭表面形貌及孔隙结构有较大差异,官能团的种类基本一致,但是含量与比例有所差异。活化温度对比表面积以及总孔体积有较大影响,而微孔率主要影响因素是活化时间。通过优化得到的最优工艺条件为,以KOH为活化剂,物料比(烟秆∶活化剂,质量比)1∶2、浸渍时间12 h、活化温度800℃、活化时间60 min。所制备出的最优烟秆基活性炭的比表面积为1980.91 m^(2)/g,总孔体积为1.2151 cm^(3)/g,微孔率为66.66%。最优烟秆基活性炭对β-苯乙醇的吸附率达到101.49%,35 d的脱附率为35.78%。最优条件下制备出的烟草秸秆基活性炭孔隙结构发达,官能团种类丰富,具有较好的吸附性能,为烟草秸秆废弃物的多用途利用及高性能烟秆基活性炭的制备提供理论支持。In order to understand the preparation process of tobacco straw-based activated carbon and its effect on the pore structure,taking the tobacco straw as the carbon source,and the structure and morphology of tobacco straw-based activated carbon were characterized by BET surface area detection method,scanning electron microscope(SEM),X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy(XPS)using specific surface area,total pore volume and microporosity as the investigated indexes.The results showed that the surface morphology and pore structure of activated carbons prepared with different activators differed considerably,and the types of functional groups were basically the same,but the content and proportion varied.Activation temperature had a greater influence on surface area and total pore volume,while the main factor influencing microporosity was activation time.The optimum process conditions were obtained:KOH as activator,material ratio(tobacco straw∶activator,mass ratio)of 1∶2,impregnation time of 12 h,activation temperature of 800℃,activation time of 60 min.The specific surface area of the optimum tobacco straw-based activated carbon prepared was 1980.91 m^(2)/g,the total pore volume was 1.2151 cm^(3)/g,and the microporosity was 66.66%.Adsorption ofβ-phenylethanol by optimal tobacco straw-based activated carbon reached 101.49%,and the desorption rate was 35.78%at 35 d.The pore structure of the tobacco straw-based activated carbon prepared under the optimal conditions is well developed,with a rich variety of functional groups and good adsorption performance,which provides theoretical support for the multi-purpose utilization of tobacco straw waste and the preparation of high-performance tobacco straw-based activated carbon.

关 键 词：烟草废弃物 烟草秸秆 活性炭 工艺优化 性能表征 

分 类 号：S572[农业科学—烟草工业] S509[农业科学—作物学]