地铁车辆车体纵向载荷及疲劳损伤特征研究  

Longitudinal Load and Fatigue Damage Characteristics of Metro Car Carbody

作　　者：林奔 朱涛[1] 申天亮 左亮 王超[1] 肖守讷[1] LIN Ben;ZHU Tao;SHEN Tianliang;ZUO Liang;WANG Chao;XIAO Shoune(State Key Laboratory of Rail Transit Vehicle System,Southwest Jiaotong University,Chengdu 610031,China;Guangzhou Metro Group Co.,Ltd.,Guangzhou 510380,China)

机构地区：[1]西南交通大学轨道交通运载系统全国重点实验室,四川成都610031 [2]广州地铁集团有限公司,广东广州510380

出　　处：《铁道车辆》2025年第1期87-96,共10页Rolling Stock

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(51675446)。

摘　　要：为研究正线运行中地铁列车的纵向载荷谱,对某运行地铁车辆的牵引拉杆、连挂车钩进行了准静态标定;开展了载客环境下的纵向载荷正线测试,得到了包含启动、制动、直线和曲线工况下的载荷-时间历程曲线;应用波动中心法得到了各工况载荷谱;基于有限元模型,结合实测载荷谱和线性累积损伤理论,分析了不同工况及不同载客量对车体关键焊缝疲劳损伤的影响以及站间损伤占比。研究结果表明,车体纵向载荷间的线性相关性均在0.8以上;启动、制动时,纵向载荷满足一定的比例关系,高峰期纵向载荷有1~3 kN的增量;该阶段的大幅值载荷下产生的损伤占站间总损伤的90%以上,再生制动使得制动阶段的损伤占比相比启动阶段有8%的降幅。To study the longitudinal load spectrum of the metro trains running on main lines,a quasi-static calibration is performed on the traction connecting rod and the coupler of a metro car in operation and the longitudinal load main line test is carried out on the car carrying passengers to obtain the load-time history curve in conditions including starting,braking,straight line and curve.The fluctuation center method is used to get the load spectrum of all the conditions;based on the finite element model and combining with the measured load spectrum and the linear cumulative damage theory,the impact of different conditions and different passenger capacities on the fatigue damage of the key welds of the carbody as well as the proportion of interstation damage are analyzed.The study results show:the linear correlation between longitudinal loads of carbody is always above 0.8;during starting and braking,the longitudinal load satisfies a certain proportional relationship and has an increment of 1~3 kN in peak periods;the damage generated under the large-amplitude load in this stage accounts for more than 90%of the total interstation damage,and the regenerative braking reduces the proportion of damage of the braking stage by 8%compared with the starting stage.

关 键 词：地铁车辆 线性相关性 纵向载荷谱 有限元分析 疲劳损伤特征 

分 类 号：U270.32[机械工程—车辆工程]